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Total erk2

Manufactured by Santa Cruz Biotechnology
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Total ERK2 is a laboratory reagent used to quantify the total amount of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) protein in biological samples. ERK2 is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family and plays a key role in cellular signaling pathways. The Total ERK2 reagent allows researchers to measure the overall expression levels of this important protein.

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8 protocols using total erk2

1

Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Effects on Signaling

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Where indicated, cells were treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor for 2 to 4 hours. Lysates were prepared from cells using a standard cell lysis buffer as described before (21 (link)). Protein quantitation of cleared cell lysates was performed using Pierce™ BCA Protein Assay Kit (ThermoFisher Scientific), and 25 μg of total protein was loaded on pre-cast 4–12% Criterion™ XT Bis-Tris Protein Gels (Bio-Rad, # 3450125). Proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes, and probed with phospho-ROS1 [#3078, 1:1,000; Cell Signaling Technology (CST)], total ROS1 (#3266, 1:1,000; CST), phospho-SHP2 (#3751, 1:1000, CST), total SHP2 (#3397, 1:1000; CST), phospho-ERK1/2 (#9101, 1:1,000; CST), total ERK2 (sc-1647, 1:2,000; Santa Cruz, phospho-Akt (#4060, 1:1,000; CST), AKT (#610860, 1:1,000; BD Transduction Laboratories). Blots were imaged using either a LI-COR Odyssey imaging system or the Bio-Rad ChemiDoc imaging station according to the manufacturer’s protocol for immunoblot detection with use of infrared dye or horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies, respectively. phospho-ROS1 detection required the SuperSignal™ West Femto Maximum Sensitivity Substrate (ThermoFisher Scientific).
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2

Phagocyte SLC12A2/4 Protein Blots

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LR73 phagocytes or BMDMs were seeded in 10 cm plates at a concentration of 2×106 cells per plate. In some experiments, apoptotic Jurkat cells were added to LR73 cells at a 10:1 ratio and incubated for the indicated times. After washing unbound Jurkat cells, the remaining cells were lysed in RIPA buffer and used in total protein Western blots or phosphorylation blots (Phos-Tag; Wako). The blots were probed using SLC12A2 (Cell Signaling Technology), SLC12A4 (Abcam), and total ERK2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, #sc-154-G) antibodies in Can Get Signal solution (TOYOBO) followed by chemiluminescence detection.
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3

IGF-1 Signaling Pathway Activation

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LR73, J774 or BEAS-2B cells were seeded in a 60mm dish at a concentration of 5×105. Cells were serum-starved for 6 hours and then stimulated with 100ng/mL of IGF-1 for various time points. Cells were lysed in RIPA buffer and used in Western blots. The blots were probed for phospho-Erk1/2 (Cell Signaling Technology, #4370), phospho-Akt (Cell Signaling Technology, #4060), phospho-IGF-1R (Cell Signaling, #3024), total Erk2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, #sc-154-G), total Akt (Cell Signaling Technology, #4691), total IGF-1R (Cell Signaling, #9750), and anti-B-actin-HRP (Sigma-Aldrich, #A3854) followed by chemiluminescence detection.
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4

Phagocyte SLC12A2/4 Protein Blots

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LR73 phagocytes or BMDMs were seeded in 10 cm plates at a concentration of 2×106 cells per plate. In some experiments, apoptotic Jurkat cells were added to LR73 cells at a 10:1 ratio and incubated for the indicated times. After washing unbound Jurkat cells, the remaining cells were lysed in RIPA buffer and used in total protein Western blots or phosphorylation blots (Phos-Tag; Wako). The blots were probed using SLC12A2 (Cell Signaling Technology), SLC12A4 (Abcam), and total ERK2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, #sc-154-G) antibodies in Can Get Signal solution (TOYOBO) followed by chemiluminescence detection.
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5

Protein Expression Analysis by Western Blot

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Whole cell extracts were prepared in RIPA buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4, 1% NP-40, 0.1% sodium deoxycholate, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA and 1x protease inhibitor cocktail (Sigma) as previously described (29 (link)). Equal amounts of cleared lysates were separated in 4-12% NuPage gels (Invitrogen), transferred to nitrocellulose membranes, and probed with the indicated primary antibodies as previously described (29 (link)). Blots were revealed by enhanced chemiluminescence (Perkin Elmer). The expression of GAPDH or β-actin was used as an internal standard. The following antibodies were used: MAGEC2 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA), β-actin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), Total ERK2, GAPDH, and CaSR (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. Santa Cruz, CA), phospho-ERK1/2, c-Fos, and FosB (Cell Signaling Technology).
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6

Inhibitor Effects on CD74-ROS1 Signaling

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Ba/F3 CD74-ROS1 and CD74-ROS1D2033N cells were treated with the indicated concentrations of inhibitors for 2 h, pelleted, washed once in ice-cold PBS, and lysed in 200 µL of cell lysis buffer (Cell Signaling Technology) that was supplemented with 0.25% deoxycholate, 0.05% SDS, and protease and phosphatase inhibitors. Equal amounts of protein were extracted with SDS sample buffer for 15 min at 80°C and resolved on 4–15% Tris-glycine or 4–12% Bis-Tris precast gels (Criterion; Bio-Rad). Proteins transferred to Immobilon-FL membranes (Millipore) were probed with: phospho-ROS1 [Cell Signaling Technology (CST); 3078, 1:1000], total ROS1 (CST; 3266, 1:1000), phospho-ERK1/2 (CST; 9101, 1:1000), total ERK2 (Santa Cruz; sc-1647, 1:2000), phospho-AKT (CST; 4060, 1:1000), AKT (BD Transduction Laboratories; 610860, 1:1000), pSHP2 (CST; 3703), pSTAT3 (CST, 9131), and GAPDH (Ambion; AM4300, 1:5000). Blots were imaged using either a LI-COR Odyssey imaging system or the Bio-Rad ChemiDoc imaging station according to the manufacturer’s protocol for immunoblot detection with use of Infrared dye or horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies, respectively.
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7

Cellular Signaling Pathway Analysis

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U0126, JNK inhibitor II (Calbiochem Corp, USA) and SB505124 (Selleck, USA) were dissolved in DMSO (final concentration lower than 0.1%). The cytokines of TNFα and TGFβ2 were from Peprotech and Selleck, respectively. Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), penicillin and streptomycin were purchased from Invitrogen Life Technologies. Antibodies of phospho‐ERK1/2 (Thr202/Tyr204), phospho‐JNK (Thr183/Tyr185), phospho‐P38 (Thr180/Tyr182), phospho‐Smad2 (Ser465/467)/Smad3 (Ser423/425), total P38, SMAD2/3 and Runx2 were from Cell Signalling Technology. COL1A1, αSMA and TAGLN were bought from Abcam. Total‐ERK2 was bought from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, and α‐tubulin‐HRP antibody was obtained from Proteintech Group. All other reagents were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich unless indicated otherwise. Detailed information of the antibodies is listed in Table S2.
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8

Modulation of Cell Signaling Pathways

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Unstimulated or stimulated T cell-enriched PBMCs were treated with different concentrations of BKM120 or BEZ235. After 48 h, cells were lysed and cell extracts were electrophoresed, transferred onto PVDF membrane (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA), and immunoblotted with antibodies against caspase 3, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) (T308 and S473), total AKT, phosphorylated 4E-BP1 (p-4E-BP1) (T37/46), total 4E-BP1, phosphorylated RPS6 (p-RPS6) (S235/236), total RPS6, phosphorylated p38 MAPK (p-p38) (T180/Y182), total p38 MAPK, phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) (T202/Y204) (all from Cell Signaling Thechnology®, Leiden, Netherlands), or total ERK2 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Heidelberg, Germany); antibodies to GAPDH (Cell Signaling Thechnology®) and calnexin (Enzo® Life Science, Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA) were used as loading controls. Anti-rabbit or anti-mouse antibodies conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (GE Healthcare, Buckinghamshire, UK) were used as secondary antibodies. Proteins were visualized with an ECL detection system (GE Healthcare).
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