Model 3345 k3327

To determine the effect of NLC functionalization on the biomechanical properties of each dermal skin substitutes, SS and FSS were subjected to tensile tests using an electromechanical material testing instrument (Instron, Model 3345-K3327) as previously described [3 (link), 6 (link), 11 (link)]. In brief, dermal skin substitutes were sectioned to a rectangular shape and oriented with their length along the direction of the tension. Each experimental group was clamped at each end of the instrument device, leaving a constant distance of 1 cm between the clamps and all tests were run at a constant strain rate of 5 mm/min at room temperature. Young modulus was calculated as the tangent modulus of the initial, linear portion of the stress–strain curve of each experimental run, while the stress at fracture break (σ break) and the strain at fracture break (ε break) values were determined by selecting the point of the stress–strain curve where the fracture occurred. Traction deformation and break load were automatically calculated by the instrument. A 50-N Instron load cell was used to obtain the data for the stress–strain curves. Calculation of the average value and standard deviation (SD) of the results for each experimental run was operated automatically, using the Instron Blue Hill 2 Material Testing software.

All experimental groups (AS, DS, EDS, and CTR) were subjected to tensile tests using an electromechanical material testing instrument (Instron, Model 3345-K3327).⁴⁴ (link) For this test, the skin substitutes were sectioned to a regular rectangular shape. All experimental groups were oriented with their length along the direction of tension and clamped at each end, leaving a constant distance of 1 cm between the clamps (in all cases 1 cm of the sample was gripped between each clamp). The tests were run at a constant strain rate of $5\mathrm{mm}/\min$ at room temperature. Young’s modulus was calculated as the tangent modulus of the initial, linear portion of the stress–strain curve of each experimental run, while the stress at break ( $\sigma$ break) and the strain at break ( $\epsilon$ break) values were determined by selecting the point of the stress–strain curve where the fracture occurred. A 50-N Instron load cell was used to obtain the data for the stress–strain curves. Calculation of the average value and standard deviation (SD) of the results for each experimental run was operated automatically, using Instron Blue Hill 2 Material Testing software.

Evaluation of the biomechanical properties of the NFAHs was performed as described [17 (link)]. Briefly, all samples were subjected to tensile tests using an electromechanical material testing instrument (Model 3345-K3327; Instron Ltd., High Wycombe, UK). Samples were sectioned to a regular rectangular shape, oriented with their length along the direction of tension and clamped at each end. A constant distance of 1 cm between the clamps was set. Trials were run at a constant strain rate of 5 mm per min at RT. The following parameters were measured using a 50-N Instron load cell to obtain data for stress–strain curves: Young’s modulus, which characterizes the behavior of elastic material when a force is applied lengthwise, was calculated as the tangent modulus of the initial, linear portion of the stress–strain curve of each experimental run; stress at fracture break, determined by selecting the point of the stress–strain curve where the fracture occurred; and traction/deformation percentage.