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The P2300 is a precision data acquisition system designed for advanced physiological measurements. It features high-resolution analog-to-digital conversion and a robust, modular design to accommodate a variety of sensor inputs. The core function of the P2300 is to capture and record physiological data with a high degree of accuracy and reliability.

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6 protocols using p2300

1

Ussing Chamber Measurement of Transepithelial Resistance

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Inserts were mounted in modified Ussing chambers (P2300; Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA) and continuously short circuited with an automatic voltage clamp (VCC MC8; Physiologic Instruments) as described previously (Edinger et al., 2012 (link), 2014 (link)). The apical and basolateral chambers each contained 4 ml of Ringer solution (120 mM NaCl, 25 mM NaHCO3, 3.3 mM KH2PO4, 0.8 mM K2HPO4, 1.2 mM MgCl2, 1.2 mM CaCl2, and 10 mM glucose). Chambers were constantly gassed with a mixture of 95% O2, 5% CO2 at 37°C, which maintained the pH at 7.4 and established a circulating perfusion bath within the Ussing chamber. Simultaneous transepithelial resistance was recorded by applying a 2-mV pulse per minute via an automated pulse generator. Recordings were digitized and analyzed using PowerLab (AD Instruments, Colorado Springs, CO).
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2

Measuring CFTR-Dependent Cl- Secretion

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Chambers for mounting tissue biopsy were obtained from Physiologic Instruments (model P2300, San Diego, CA, USA). Chamber solution was buffered by bubbling with a mixture of 95% O2 and 5% CO2. Tissues were short circuited using Ag/AgCl agar electrodes. Short-circuit current and resistance were acquired or calculated using the VCC-600 transepithelial clamp from Physiologic Instruments and the Acquire & Analyze 2.3 software for data acquisition (Physiologic Instruments), as previously described62 (link). A basolateral-to-apical chloride gradient was established by replacing NaCl with Na-gluconate in the apical (luminal) compartment to create a driving force for CFTR-dependent Cl secretion. CFTR channels present at the apical surface of the epithelium (lumen side of the tissue) were activated.Stimulations with forskolin, CFTR inhibitor 172 and amiloride were as described62 (link).
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3

Intestinal Permeability Measurement Using FD4

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At the end of the probiotic experiment, permeability was determined in vivo using fluorescein-conjugated dextran (FD4 [3000–5000 Da], Sigma-Aldrich) as a tracer as previously described78 (link).
Paracellular pathway permeability was measured using the flow of FD4 through colon and ileum samples, which were opened along the mesenteric border and mounted in Ussing chambers (P2300, Physiologic Instruments, USA). At 37 °C, 0.2 cm2 of tissue surface was exposed to 2.5 ml of 10 mM oxygenated Krebs-glucose and 10 mM Krebs-mannitol (serosal and luminal sides, respectively). FD4 (0.4 mg/ml) was added to the mucosal chamber, and samples were collected from the serosae chamber every 15 min for 2 h. FD4 concentrations were measured as described above.
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4

Transepithelial Chloride Secretion Assay

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Chambers for mounting either transwell cell cultures or mouse tissue biopsies were obtained from Physiologic Instruments (model P2300, San Diego, CA, USA). Chamber solution was buffered by bubbling with identical Ringer solution on both sides and were maintained at 37°C, vigorously stirred, and gassed with 95%O2/5% CO2. Cells or tissues were short circuited using Ag/AgCl agar electrodes. A basolateral-to-apical chloride gradient was established by replacing NaCl with Na-gluconate in the apical (luminal) compartment to create a driving force for CFTR-dependent Cl secretion. To measure stimulated Isc, the changed sodium gluconate solution, after stabilization, was supplied with 100µM amiloride. Agonists (forskolin) were added to the bathing solutions as indicated (for a minimum 5 min of observation under each condition) to activate CFTR channels present at the apical surface of the epithelium (either cell surface or lumen side of the tissue) and CFTRInh-172 (10µM) was added to the mucosal bathing solution to block CFTR-dependent Isc. Short-circuit current (expressed as Isc (μA/cm2)) and resistance were acquired or calculated using the VCC-600 transepithelial clamp from Physiologic Instruments and the Acquire&Analyze2∙3 software for data acquisition (Physiologic Instruments), as previously described [12 (link),71 (link)–74 (link)].
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5

Measuring CFTR-Dependent Cl- Secretion

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Chambers for mounting tissue biopsy were obtained from Physiologic Instruments (model P2300, San Diego, CA, USA). Chamber solution was buffered by bubbling with a mixture of 95% O2 and 5% CO2. Tissues were short circuited using Ag/AgCl agar electrodes. Short-circuit current and resistance were acquired or calculated using the VCC-600 transepithelial clamp from Physiologic Instruments and the Acquire & Analyze 2.3 software for data acquisition (Physiologic Instruments), as previously described62 (link). A basolateral-to-apical chloride gradient was established by replacing NaCl with Na-gluconate in the apical (luminal) compartment to create a driving force for CFTR-dependent Cl secretion. CFTR channels present at the apical surface of the epithelium (lumen side of the tissue) were activated.Stimulations with forskolin, CFTR inhibitor 172 and amiloride were as described62 (link).
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6

Ussing Chamber Protocol for Transepithelial Resistance

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Inserts were mounted in modified Ussing chambers (P2300; Physiologic Instruments, San Diego, CA) and continuously short circuited with an automatic voltage clamp (VCC MC8; Physiologic Instruments) as described previously(60 (link)-62 (link)). The apical and basolateral chambers each contained 4 ml of Ringer solution (120 mM NaCl, 25 mM NaHCO3, 3.3 mM KH2PO4, 0.8 mM K2HPO4, 1.2 mM MgCl2, 1.2 mM CaCl2, and 10 mM glucose). Chambers were constantly gassed with a mixture of 95% O2, 5% CO2 at 37°C, which maintained the pH at 7.4 and established a circulating perfusion bath within the Ussing chamber. Simultaneous transepithelial resistance was recorded by applying a 2-mV pulse per minute via an automated pulse generator. Recordings were digitized and analyzed using PowerLab (AD Instruments, Colorado Springs, CO). To screen for aldosterone-regulated miRs from mCCD-cl1 cells in culture, equivalent open circuit currents were obtained from cells using chopstick electrodes and an Epithelial Volt/Ohm Meter (EVOM) (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL). Currents were calculated from cells stimulated with or without 50nM aldosterone for 24 hrs using Ohm’s Law from the EVOM-measured open circuit voltages and transepithelial resistance.
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