ERGs were recorded using conventional techniques that conformed to ISCEV standards (McCulloch et al. 2015 ) and are described in detail elsewhere (McAnany et al. 2020 ; Park et al. 2020 ). In brief, responses were recorded using DTL corneal electrodes that were referenced to the ear and grounded at the forehead. Subjects adapted to a uniform achromatic field (30 cd/m2) and light-adapted responses were elicited by LED-generated achromatic 3.0 cd-s-m−2 flashes and flicker (31.25 Hz). Subjects were then dark-adapted for 20 minutes and responses were elicited by LED-generated achromatic flashes of 0.01 and 3.0 cd-s-m-2. All stimuli were generated by and presented in a ColorDome ganzfeld and responses were acquired with an Espion E3 electrophysiology system (Diagnosys, LLC, Lowell, MA). A minimum of 3 responses for each stimulus were obtained and averaged for analysis.
Espion e3
Manufactured by Diagnosys
Sourced in United Kingdom, United States
The Espion E3 is a laboratory equipment designed for general use. It serves as a platform for various applications within the scientific research and analysis domains.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
8 protocols using espion e3
1
Standardized ERG Recording Methodology
2
Scotopic ERG Measurement in Mice
3
Scotopic ERG Measurements in IR Injury
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
ERG measurements were conducted at baseline and after IR injury at 24 hours and 7 days post-injury. IR+NSP and IR+BSA groups(wild type n = 12; tPA-/- n = 12) were adapted to the dark overnight, before intraperitoneal anesthesia with xylazine (20 mg/kg) and ketamine (80 mg/kg). The pupils were dilated with phenylephrine hydrochloride (2.5%) and atropine sulfate (1%) followed by the placement of two contact lens electrodes onto both eyes so that full-field ERGs could be recorded. Recordings were made using the Espion Visual Electrophysiology System (Espion E3, Diagnosys, Diagnosys UK Ltd, UK). Single flashes (10 ms) with an intensity of 2.5 cd-s/m2 were used for retinal stimulation under the scotopic condition.
4
Evaluating Retinal Ganglion Cell Function with PhNR
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
The PhNR was recorded to evaluate RGC function at baseline and after 3, 7, and 14 days of IOP elevation as previously reported Rangaswamy et al. (2007) (link) and Porciatti (2015) (link). After the rats were anesthetized, the pupils were dilated with phenylephrine hydrochloride and tropicamide, and two 3-mm platinum wire loop electrodes were then placed on the corneal surface of the eyes. One subdermal needle electrode inserted at the base of the right leg served as the ground, and the other subdermal needle electrode placed over the nasal bone acted as the common reference. Light stimuli were delivered using a ColorDome unit. Four different stimuli of 11.38 cd.s/m2-0.33 Hz, 11.38 cd.s/m2-1 Hz, 22.76 cd.s/m2-0.33 Hz, and 22.76 cd.s/m2-0.33 Hz were used in a four-step examination. In each step, the stimulus frequency was 2 Hz, with a 4-ms exposure to a green light on a green background with an intensity of 10 cd/m2 displayed by the Espion Visual Electrophysiology System (Espion E3, Diagnosys, Diagnosys UK Ltd, UK). The PhNR amplitude was recorded from the baseline to the trough of the negative response.
5
Electroretinography in LPS-Treated Rats
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
At 24 hours after the injection of LPS and after adaptation in the dark for 12 hours, the rats underwent electroretinography (ERG). The rats were anaesthetized as described above, followed by topical use of atropine sulphate, oxybuprocaine (Santen Pharmaceutical) and carbomer eye gel (Bausch & Lomb) for mydriasis, corneal anaesthesia and corneal hydration, respectively. The contact electrodes were placed on the central cornea, and two needle electrodes were placed subcutaneously near the nose and tail to act as the reference and ground electrodes, respectively. A visual electrophysiology system (Espion E3; Diagnosys UK) was used to record the maximum ERGs following a stimulus of 20 cds/m2 at a single pulse of 0.1 Hz in a completely dark background. The a wave amplitude was measured as the difference of amplitude between the baseline and the trough of the negative deflection. The b wave amplitude was measured from the trough of the a wave to the peak of the b wave. The ERGs were recorded 10 times per eye, and the mean value for each eye was calculated.
6
Electroretinography Using Espion E3
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
7
Electroretinography for Dark- and Light-Adapted Mice
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Animals were dark-adapted 30 min prior to ERG recording and handled under red dim light throughout the procedure. The experiment was performed on an Espion E2 system (Diagnosys LLC, Cambridge, UK) as previously described.18 Briefly, ground electrodes were inserted at the scalp and haunch, and reference electrodes were positioned on the corneal surface of both eyes. The scotopic ERG includes 5-log series single-flash stimuli with gradually increased luminance (−4 to 1 log cd⋅s/m2). After 10 min light adaption in a 25 cd/m2 white background, photopic ERGs were performed with gradually increased single-flash stimuli (0-, 0.48- and 1-log cd⋅s/m2). For ERG data analysis, a- and b-waveforms were manually identified by Diagnosys Espion E3. The amplitude values were exported into GraphPad Prism 8 for statistical analysis.
8
Lycium Barbarum in Retinitis Pigmentosa
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
+ Expand
Lycium Barbarum in Retinitis Pigmentosa photo-documentation. Three additional tests were conducted to investigate functional and structural changes in the eyes of all patients. Ganzfeld ERG (Espion E3, Diagnosys LLC, Lowell, US) was applied to assess retinal function. The ffERG measurement followed the ISCEV standard (McCulloch et al., 2015) . The pupils of the tested eyes were dilated (1% tropicamide) for ffERG measurement. DTL electrodes and gold-cup electrodes were used for recording. Each subject had at least 45 minutes initial dark adaptation before commencement of ERG measurement. The primary outcomes were the best-corrected visual acuities (VA) in 90% contrast (HCVA) and in 10% contrast (LCVA)). The secondary outcomes were the sensitivity in central 30-degree of visual field, the amplitudes of scotopic maximal ERG and photopic cone ERG response, and the average macular thickness.
About PubCompare
Our mission is to provide scientists with the largest repository of trustworthy protocols and intelligent analytical tools, thereby offering them extensive information to design robust protocols aimed at minimizing the risk of failures.
We believe that the most crucial aspect is to grant scientists access to a wide range of reliable sources and new useful tools that surpass human capabilities.
However, we trust in allowing scientists to determine how to construct their own protocols based on this information, as they are the experts in their field.
Ready to get started?
Sign up for free.
Registration takes 20 seconds.
Available from any computer
No download required
Revolutionizing how scientists
search and build protocols!