Phosphate buffer
Phosphate buffer is a solution used to maintain a stable pH in various laboratory applications. It is composed of a mixture of sodium phosphate and potassium phosphate salts. The buffer helps to maintain a consistent pH environment, which is essential for many chemical and biological processes.
Lab products found in correlation
32 protocols using phosphate buffer
Fixation and TEM Imaging of AML and MDM Cells
Inhibition of Amyloid-Beta Aggregation
Micronucleus Assay Protocol for Bone Marrow
Two smears were prepared for each treatment and air-dried prior to fixing in 90 % methanol at -20 °C for 20 min and staining with acridine orange (MP Biomedicals) for 2 min. After washing with phosphate buffer (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) twice for 3 min each, two slides per dose group were coded and scored blindly for MN in about 1000 reticulocytes (RETs) or polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) per slide at 1000x magnification under UV light using an Olympus BX50 fluorescent microscope (Southend-On-Sea, UK). We also determined the percentage of RETs or PCEs/normochromatic erythrocytes (NCEs) per 1000 cells, as any reduction in the number of PCEs or RETs is a sign of bone marrow toxicity.
Ultrastructural Analysis of AML and MDM
Anterograde Tracing of Prefrontal Connections
Evaluating P-gp Inhibition and Cell Viability
Anterograde Tracing of Prefrontal Connections
Isolation and Culture of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts
Drug Stability and Metabolism Assays
Drug metabolic stability was examined using a liver microsomal assay (45 (link)). Briefly, 5 μM PY10, PY109, PY108, or ITE was added to pooled mouse liver microsomes (0.5 mg/ml) in 100 mM phosphate buffer containing MgCl2 (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The assay was activated by the addition of an NAPDH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate)–regenerating system containing NADP+, glucose-6-phosphate, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Sigma-Aldrich). Samples were incubated for 0, 5, 15, 30, and 45 min at 37°C, with constant shaking (225 rpm). Reactions were terminated by adding twofold (v/v) acetonitrile, samples were centrifuged at 14,000 rpm for 15 min, and the supernatant was analyzed using LC-MS/MS. t1/2 values were calculated according to the equation where k is the elimination rate constant, obtained by fitting C = initial × exp.−k × t.
Quantifying Extracellular Hydrogen Peroxide
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