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132 protocols using ds ri1 camera

1

Fluorescence Microscopy of Carrageenan-Treated Cells

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Cells have first cultured in a slide chamber. After treatment with (12.5 and 25 µM) λ-carrageenan, the cells have incubated in 1 μg/ml DAPI (Sigma Aldrich) (dissolved in methanol) for 5 min in the dark. Slides have mounted and observed using a Nikon ECLIPSE 80i fluorescence microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). PI staining has obtained by following the same previous steps and incubated in 500 µl PI (4.3 mM/L) (sigma Aldrich) for 5 minutes in the dark. Images have captured using a microscope branched Nikon DS Ri1 camera (Nikon).
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Immunohistochemical Analysis of ECAT1 in Ovaries

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Fetal and adult ovaries were fixed in 10% formalin. The fixed ovaries were embedded in paraffin, and 6-μm-thick sections of the tissue were prepared. The sections were deparaffinized in xylene and then rehydrated in a graded ethanol series. To expose antigens, the sections were incubated with citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 20 min at 98 °C and cooled to room temperature, and then 0.3% H2O2 was used to block endogenous peroxidase activity with a 10-min incubation. The sections were then incubated with rabbit polyclonal anti-ECAT1 (1:400; ab126339, Abcam, UK) overnight at 4 °C. After being washed three times (2 min per wash) in PBS, the sections were incubated for 20 min at room temperature with horseradish peroxidase–conjugated secondary antibodies (PV-9001, ZSGB Biotechnology, China). After three washes in PBS, DAB staining and hematoxylin counter-staining were performed. Finally, an ethanol series and xylene were used to dehydrate the sections. For negative controls, sections were incubated in PBS instead of primary antibody. Slides were photographed using a Nikon ECLIPSE 80i microscope with a Nikon DS-Ri1 camera (Nikon Corporation, Japan).
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3

Histochemical Analysis of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelium

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Paraffin-embedded LSE samples were sectioned at 6 µm and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) or alcian blue (pH 2.5). For immunohistochemical staining, the ImmPRESSTM reagent kit (Vector Laboratories) was used according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Frozen sections (7 µm) were first incubated with 0.3% hydrogen peroxide for 30 min to remove endogenous peroxidase activity and then incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies at the appropriate dilutions. The antibodies used in this study were as follows: n1584 for α-SMA (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, CA) and NCL-Ki67-MM1 for Ki67 (LeicaBiosystems, Buffalo Grove, IL). The sections were incubated with enzyme-conjugated secondary antibodies for 30 min at room temperature, followed by the staining substrate. To determine if hyaluronan accumulates in LSEs, staining was conducted using a biotinylated hyaluronic acid-binding protein (Cosmo Bio). To detect elastic fibers in the tissue, EVG staining was performed using standard histological dyes (Muto Pure Chemicals, Tokyo, Japan). Images were obtained using a Nikon ECLIPSE E600 microscope coupled with Nikon DS-Ri1camera (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan).
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Histological Analysis of Infected Lungs

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Lungs of infected mice were inflated with 10% buffered formalin and fixed for 24 h. Paraffin embedded sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) or terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay (In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, Roche). For immunostaining, primary Ab against myeloperoxidase (MPO; LS Bio) and secondary Ab Alexa 555 (Invitrogen) were used, along with In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit with fluorescein-dUTP (Roche) to detect TUNEL+ cells. Lung sections were analyzed using Nikon Eclipse E400 Microscope equipped with a Nikon DS-Ri1 camera using NIS-Elements Microscope Imaging Software or Spot Advance Software.
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5

Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging Protocol

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H&Images were acquired using a Zeiss Axioskop microscope (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) equipped with a Nikon DS-Ri1 camera controlled by a DS-U3 Digital Sight and the Nis-Elements-Br software suite (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Fluorescent images were acquired using a Zeiss LSM 710 confocal microscopy system (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany)
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6

Histological Examination of Lung Tissue

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Lungs were rapidly isolated, fixed in 4% PBS-buffered paraformaldehyde at room temperature for 1 week, followed by routine processing for paraffin embedding. Serial sections, 5-µm-thick, were cut and selected sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and examined by light microscopy. Camera images were taken using a Zeiss Axioskop microscope (Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) equipped with a Nikon DS-Ri1 camera controlled by a DS-U3 Digital Sight and the Nis-Elements-Br software suite (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan).
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7

Malaria Diagnostic Microscopy Protocol

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For routine surveillance, thick and thin blood films were prepared using standard procedures. Briefly, for thin smears one drop of blood was spread to a monolayer onto a glass slide using the edge of another glass slide, quickly air dried, fixed with absolute methanol and stained 20 min by 10 % Giemsa stain (Merck, Singapore) in pH = 7.2 phosphate buffer; for thick smears one drop of blood was smeared onto a glass slide, slowly and fully dried at room temperature or in an incubator, de-haemoglobinized in water and stained 8 min by 10 % Giemsa stain (Merck, Singapore) in pH = 7.2 phosphate buffer. Then all the smears were protected by a cover slip mounted with Eukitt ® (Sigma-Aldrich, Singapore) mounting medium and dried before reading. Blood smears were examined under ×1000 magnification with an Olympus CX31 microscope (Olympus, Singapore) and microphotographs taken with a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope equipped with a Nikon DS Ri1 camera and the Nikon NIS Elements D Imaging Software (Nikon, Singapore).
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8

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Hippocampal Neurons

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Hippocampal sections were post-fixed, permeabilized and blocked with bovine serum albumin (Sigma-Aldrich), then incubated overnight with anti-NeuN (1:400; MAB377, Sigma-Aldrich) and co-incubated with anti-ADAR antibodies (1:200 dilution). Sections were then washed and incubated with Alexa-conjugated secondary antibodies (1:400; Invitrogen). Sections were then stained to visualize nuclei using Hoechst (1:10000; Thermo Fisher Scientific) and coverslipped. Images were captured under a Nikon Eclipse 90i microscope with a Nikon DS-Ri1 camera. Image stitching of fields of view was performed using Nikon-NIS Element software, and immunofluorescence was analysed using Fiji software version 2.9.0. 27 (link)
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9

Characterization of Temperature-Stable Pollen Lines

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The pol TCMS 596 and the temperature-stable pol CMS 1318 lines were used in this study. The 596 plants were crossed with 1318 to obtain F1 plants, which were self-crossed to obtain F2 segregation and backcrossed with 1318 to produce BC1 lines; 596, 1318, F1, and BC1 were planted in Wuhan, Hubei Province (from October to May), and 596, 1318, and F1 were planted in Lanzhou, Gansu Province (from May to August), China. Parent lines (596 and 1318) were grown in a greenhouse at 16 °C and 25 °C with a photoperiod of 16 h light/8 h dark. Pollen grains were collected before flowering and stained with a 1% acetyl carmine staining solution. Stained pollen was photographed under a microscope. Images of anthers at different stages were captured using a Nikon DS-RI1 camera (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan). Flower buds (length, 0–1 mm) were collected, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at −80 °C for total RNA extraction. Three biological replicates were obtained for each sample.
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10

Root Imaging and Analysis Protocol

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For differential interference contrast (DIC) analyses, roots were mounted in a chloral hydrate solution (5 : 2 : 1, chloral hydrate : glycerol : H2O) and bleached (i.e. tissues were cleared) for several days. Images were taken on a Nikon Ti Eclipse microscope (Nikon DS‐Qi1Mc camera). Root lengths (entire 3 dpc root) were determined via dissection microscopy (Nikon SMZ 745T; Nikon DS‐Ri1 camera). Images were processed using the NIS‐Elements BR 4.20.00 software (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) and Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator CS6. Statistical analysis was performed using R 3.0.2 (R Core Development Team 2013), normality was tested using a Shapiro–Wilk test (Shapiro & Wilk, 1965) and, accordingly, a Mann–Whitney U‐test (Mann & Whitney, 1947) was performed. Amyloplasts were stained using 5% Lugol's iodine and pictures were taken on a Zeiss Axiophat microscope with an AxioCam ICc 5 camera, using the ZEN 2012 software (Zeiss). Dissection micrographs were generated using a SteREO Discovery V8 (Zeiss) microscopy with a AxioCAM ICc 5 and processed using the ZEN 2012 software (Zeiss).
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