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8 protocols using amv first strand cdna synthesis kit

1

Quantifying Endothelin Receptor Gene Expression

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mRNA expression of genes encoding endothelin receptor type A (Ednra) and type B (Ednrb) was analyzed in mouse thoracic aorta by Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR). RNA was isolated using MagNA Pure LC RNA Isolation Kit High Performance (Roche), and reverse transcribed using AMV First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit for reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (Roche). qPCR was performed on a LightCycler 480 system (Roche) according to the manufacturer’s protocol with reaction mixtures containing 2.5 μl cDNA, 0.4 μmol/L of each primer (Life Technologies), 100 nmol/L UPL probe (Roche) and 10 μl Absolute qPCR mix (Thermo Scientific) in a total volume of 20 μl. Primer (shown in 5′ → 3′orientation)/probes were designed using the Roche Universal Probe Library Assay Design Center:
mEdnra GGGCATCACCGTCTTGAA/GGAAGCCACTGCTCTGTACC, probe UPL#99, mEdnrb TCAGAAAACAGCCTTCATGC/GCGGCAAGCAGAAGTAGAA, probe UPL#83, mHprt TGATAGATCCATTCCTATGACTGTAGA/AAGACATTCTTTCCAGTTAAAGTTGAG, probe UPL#22. QPCR data were analyzed and quantified using the second derivative maximum for Cp determination, with the LightCycler 480 software 1.5.0 (Roche).
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2

RNA Extraction from Mouse Tissues

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Frozen human thymus, mouse spleen and tibialis anterior muscle were homogenized with the FastPrep FP120 instrument (Qbiogen, Illkirch, France). Total RNA was extracted from the thymus, spleen and muscle samples using a TRIzol RNA isolation kit (Invitrogen, Cergy-Pontoise, France). Total mRNA (1 μg) was reverse transcribed using the AMV first-strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Roche Diagnostics, Meylan, France) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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3

Quantitative PCR for Gene Expression

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qPCR was performed as previously described [21 (link)]. Total RNA was isolated using RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen) according to manufacturer's protocol. Contaminating genomic DNA was eliminated using RNase-free DNase (Qiagen). Total RNA (2μg) was reverse transcribed into single-stranded cDNA using the AMV First Strand cDNA synthesis kit (Roche) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Real-time PCR amplification reactions were performed using the SYBR Green PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems). The cycling conditions and the primers used to amplify IRS-1, IRS-4, and 18S have been described previously [18 (link)].
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4

Quantitative Analysis of Gene Expression

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The total RNA was isolated from 50 blastocysts using TRIzol reagent, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed using a Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR Analysis Kit (Bio-Rad, Munich, Germany). The complementary DNA was synthesized using 1 µg of RNA, oligo (dT) primers, and the AMV First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (ROCHE). The quantitative PCR amplification was performed using SYBR® Green EX Taq™ (TaKaRa) and an RG-6000 Real-Time PCR detection system (Corbett Research Co., Mortlake, Australia). The samples were run in triplicate. The relative gene expression was calculated using the comparative threshold cycle (Ct) method, with GAPDH as the reference gene. The thermocycling conditions were as follows: 95 °C for 10 min; followed by 35 cycles at 95 °C for 10 s, 60 °C for 30 s, and 72 °C for 30 s. Fluorescence was measured once. Primer sets for each gene are listed in Table 1.
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5

Quantifying Neurological Gene Expression

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Total RNA was extracted from 100-mg samples of fresh frozen temporal lobe using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). RNA was reverse transcribed using the AMV First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Roche, Indianapolis, IL). The cDNA templates were used to measure RCAN1 and IDE by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in a Roche LightCycler 480 System [106] (link). Primer pairs were designed using MacVector 12 software (Cary, NC) (Table 1). Relative mRNA abundance was calculated using the 2ˆΔCt method, with results normalized to actin or hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1.

Primer pairs used for qRT-PCR analysis of human and rat IDE and RCAN genes

PrimersDirectionSequencePositionAmplicon
Human
 IDEForwardTACCTCCGCTTGCTGATGAC2110106
 IDEReverseGGAGCTGAGGTATGAAGGCC2215
 RCAN1ForwardAGGCTCCAGCTGCATAAGAC258111
 RCAN1ReverseCTGCTTGTCTGGATTTGGCG368
Rat
 IDEForwardCTGTGCCCCTTGTTTGATGC523139
 IDEReverseTGAAGGGGTGCTTGGGATTC661
 RCAN1-2-3ForwardAACTTCAGCAACCCCCTGTC23180
 RCAN1-2-3ReverseAGTTTCATCTCCTTCCCCAGG310

Abbreviations: IDE, Insulin-degrading enzyme; RCAN1, regulator of calcineurin 1; qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.

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6

Real-Time PCR Gene Expression Analysis

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Total RNA was extracted from cultured cells or from whole kidney tissue using TRIzol reagent (Sigma, Madrid, Spain), and reverse transcription was performed with First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (AMV) (Roche) according to manufacturer’s instructions. Real-time PCR with gene-specific TaqMan probes was performed with a CFX Real-Time PCR detection system (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Madrid, Spain) using TaqMan Universal PCR Master Mix, No AmpErase UNG. Forty cycles at 95 °C for 15 s and 60 °C for 1 min were performed32 (link),55 (link)–57 (link). Relative mRNA levels were calculated by standard formulae (ΔΔCt method) using GAPDH or TBP as an endogenous control. The results referred to a randomly selected basal sample considered as value = 1.0. Gene-specific TaqMan probes used in this study are indicated in the Supplementary Methods.
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7

Quantitative Analysis of Bone Regulatory Genes

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Total RNA was isolated from cells or mouse organs using TRIzol reagent (Sigma), and cDNA was synthesized with the First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (AMV) (Roche, Basilea, Switzerland) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Singleplex real-time PCR was performed with the CFX Real-Time PCR detection system (Bio-Rad) using the following specific TaqMan probes for murine samples (ThermoFisher, Waltham, MA, USA): FGF23 (Mm_00445621_m1), 1α-hydroxylase (Mm01165918_g1), RUNX2 (Mm00501584_m1), Osteopontin (Mm00436767_m1) and Osterix (Mm04933803_m1). Data were normalized to tbp (Mm00446971_m1, ThermoFisher) expression levels. The rt-PCR was performed using TaqMan Universal PCR Master Mix, No AmpErase UNG (ThermoFisher) with forty cycles at 95 °C for 15 s and 60 °C for 1 min. The mRNA copy numbers were calculated by standard formulae (ΔΔCt method). Results were normalized against TBP expression levels and are expressed as relative changes with respect to unstimulated cells or control mice.
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8

Pituitary and Hypothalamic Gene Expression Analysis

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Total RNA from pituitary, the PVN, and VMH punches were isolated using the MagNA Pure LC 2.0 Instrument (Roche Molecular Biochemicals) with Magna pure tissue III total RNA kit (Roche Molecular Biochemicals). RNA yield was determined using the Nanodrop (Nanodrop), and cDNA was synthesized with equal RNA input with the First-Strand cDNA synthesis kit (AMV) for qPCR with oligo-d (T) primers (Roche Molecular Biochemicals). As a control for genomic DNA contamination, a cDNA synthesis reaction without reverse transcriptase was included.
Quantitative PCR was performed using the LightCycler 480 (Roche Molecular Biochemicals) and LightCycler 480 SYBR Green I Master mix (Roche Molecular Biochemicals).
The primers used for qPCR are listed in Table 2. Quantification was performed using the LinReg software. PCR efficiency was checked individually and samples with a deviation of more than 5% of the mean were excluded from the analysis. Calculated values were related to the geometric mean expression of Gapdh and Hprt, reference genes showing stable expression under the experimental conditions.
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