Mrs1523 3 propyl 6 ethyl 5 ethylthio carbonyl 2 phenyl 4 propyl 3 pyridine carboxylate

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yi)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) from Sigma-Aldrich (Burlington, MA, USA) was used for measuring cell proliferation potential. Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies were produced in South Korea (Mushtech Co., Ltd., Gangwon, Republic of Korea), dried at 45 °C, 55 °C, and 65 °C in stages and frozen at −25 °C. Sweet potato shochu was produced by Kirishima Shuzo Co., Ltd. (Miyazaki, Japan); Adenosine (>98.0%) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industries (TCI, Tokyo, Japan). 3′-DeoxyAdenosine (Cordycepin (>98.0%)) was produced by Fujifilm Wako Chemicals (Osaka, Japan). N⁶-(2-hydroxyethyl)-Adenosine (>99.0%) was purchased from GlpBio Technology (Montclair, CA, USA). 3-propyl-6-ethyl-5-[(ethylthio)carbonyl]-2 phenyl-4-propyl-3-pyridine carboxylate (MRS1523, Adenosine A3 receptor antagonist) was purchased from Sigma Chemical (St. Louis, MO, USA). Rabbit Polyclonal Adenosine A3 Receptor antibody (GTX131656) was purchased from Gene Tex (Los Angeles, CA, USA).

2-Chloro-N⁶-(3-iodobenzyl)-adenosine-5′-N-methyluronamide (Cl-IB-MECA; Merck Life Science S.r.l.) was used as a selective A₃AR agonist. N⁶-(3-Isothiocyanatobenzyl)-5′-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine (ICBM) was synthesized as reported [40 (link)] and was used as a selective A₃AR agonist. Stock solutions of ICBM in DMSO were prepared and stored as small aliquots at − 20 °C and warmed to RT immediately before use, to avoid decomposition associated with freeze–thaw cycles [41 ]. The K_i values of this compound were described in rat cloned A₁AR, A_2AAR and A₃AR stably transfected in CHO cells (K_i values are 145, 272, and 10.0 nM, respectively).
Tetrodotoxin (TTX; Tocris, Bio-Techne S.r.l., Bristol, UK) was used to block Na⁺ channels. 5-(4-butoxy-3-chlorophenyl)-N-[[2-(4-morpholinyl)-3-pyridinyl]methyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide (A887826: Merck Life Science S.r.l.) was used to block TTX-insensitive Na⁺ channels (Nav1.5; Nav1.8; Nav1.9). 3-Propyl-6-ethyl-5-[(ethylthio)carbonyl]-2-phenyl-4-propyl-3-pyridinecarboxylate (MRS1523; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was used as a selective A₃AR antagonist. 8-Cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX; Merck Life Science S.r.l.) was used as a selective A₁AR antagonist. DPCPX was added to all electrophysiological solutions to prevent A₁AR activation [32 (link)].