Maximum standardized uptake volume (SUVmax), mean SUV (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were calculated by selecting a Volume of Interest (VOI) in 3D mode using vendor-provided software at a PHILIPS EBW workstation. SUV(g/mL) = [measured activity concentration (Bq/mL)/ (injected activity [Bq]/body weight [kg] · 1000)], TLG(g) = SUVmean(g/mL) · MTV (cm3, [19 (link)]) (Units of these metabolic parameters are omitted for convenience below [20 (link)]). MTV was estimated for each primary CRC lesion with 40% of SUVmax as threshold and manual adjustment was applied when necessary to avoid nearby high physiologic uptake such as the bladder [21 (link)].
Ebw workstation
Manufactured by Philips
Sourced in Netherlands
The EBW workstation is a specialized piece of lab equipment designed for electron beam welding. It provides a controlled environment and the necessary tools to perform this precise welding technique. The core function of the EBW workstation is to facilitate the welding process by generating and focusing an electron beam, allowing for accurate and high-quality welds on a variety of materials.
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Lab products found in correlation
12 protocols using ebw workstation
1
Quantitative PET Metabolic Parameters
2
PET Imaging Metrics for Gastric Cancer
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Two experienced nuclear physicians were assigned to interpret each patient’s PET imagines and data using a PHILIPS EBW workstation. A scan was considered to be positive for GC/GEJC lesions in the presence of a focal 18F-FDG concentration and wall thickening in the areas of the stomach and gastroesophageal junction.
The SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV and TLG were assessed for the primary lesion, and these parameters were determined in a 3D-manner using the same vendor-provided software (PHILIPS). MTV was estimated by selecting the volume of interest (VOI) on the axial image and the size of the VOI was checked on the corresponding coronal and sagittal images to ensure that it included the entire active tumor in the VOI. To define the contouring margins around the target lesion, we used a SUVmax of 2.5 as a central value and a margin threshold that could exactly cover the tumor lesion. SUVmax was calculated as (decay-corrected activity/tissue volume)/(injected dose/body weight), and TLG was calculated by multiplying SUVmean and MTV (TLG=SUVmean × MTV).
The SUVmax, SUVmean, MTV and TLG were assessed for the primary lesion, and these parameters were determined in a 3D-manner using the same vendor-provided software (PHILIPS). MTV was estimated by selecting the volume of interest (VOI) on the axial image and the size of the VOI was checked on the corresponding coronal and sagittal images to ensure that it included the entire active tumor in the VOI. To define the contouring margins around the target lesion, we used a SUVmax of 2.5 as a central value and a margin threshold that could exactly cover the tumor lesion. SUVmax was calculated as (decay-corrected activity/tissue volume)/(injected dose/body weight), and TLG was calculated by multiplying SUVmean and MTV (TLG=SUVmean × MTV).
3
Radionuclide Imaging Protocol for Ra-223
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The imaging protocol utilized an LFOVPGC (DIGIRAD Ergo, DIGIRAD Corporation, Poway, CA, USA) operating under the Xenon-133 setting (photopeak of 81 keV with a 10% window) with a 128 × 128 matrix for preinjection and postinjection 223Ra planar and dynamic imaging. Low energy all purpose (LEAP) collimation was used. All images were subsequently processed using a Philips EBW workstation.
4
Hybrid SPECT/CT Imaging of Renal Function
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All the subjects were scanned with a hybriddouble head SPECT/CT scanner (Precedence 16, SPECT/CT; Philips, Netherlands) using a low-energy and high-resolution collimator. After 20 min of intravenous administration of 555 MBq 99mTc-DTPA (Chinese Atomic Energy Institute, Beijing, China), an orbital CT scan (140 kV, 100 mA, 1 slice thickness) for attenuation correction was obtained with the patient's head positioned parallel to the Frankfurt plane. Then, SPECT images were acquired with 64 projections in step-and-shoot mode over 360 degrees (5.6 degrees per step), and matrix size was 64 ×64. The energy window was open by ±10% centered at 141 keV. Subsequently, the CT and SPECT images were loaded into an EBW workstation (Philips, Netherlands) for further analysis.
5
Quantifying Lung Injury from CT Scans
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Chest CT (light speed 64-row CT, GE, US) scanning was performed layer by layer before injury (0 h) and at 12 h after injury (scanning parameters: current: 200 mAs; voltage: 100 kV; rotation time: 0.4 s by a radiologist). Using the Philips EBW workstation, the threshold value of lung injury was set by the radiologist and three-dimensional volume analysis of the whole lung and the injured part was made respectively to calculate the volume ratio of lung injury, i.e., lesion volume/total lung volume* 100%.
6
Dynamic Imaging of Nanoparticle Biodistribution
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Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized with an oxygen flow of 1 L/min and 2% (v/v) isoflurane and fixed to a paperboard. After beside injection of 99mTc-ICG-HSA NPs or 99mTc-SC (11.1 MBq/50 μL) into the left footpad, a dynamic image acquisition was performed up to 60 min immediately after injection, and static scan images were captured for 1 min at 2 h, 4 h, 24 h, and 48 h post-injection, respectively. SPECT acquisition was performed with 60 steps in step-and-shoot mode, 20s per step, and a matrix size of 128 × 128. ROIs were drawn on the acquired images to obtain the time–radioactivity curves. Quantitative data were expressed as gamma counts. CT and SPECT projections were reconstructed and analyzed using an EBW workstation (Philips, The Netherlands).
7
PET Imaging Analysis of Gastric Tumors
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Two physicians experienced in nuclear medicine were assigned to blindly and independently interpret each patient's PET images and data at a PHILIPS EBW workstation. The following parameters were calculated in 3D mode using vendor-provided software, namely, maximum standard uptake volume (SUV max ), mean SUV (SUV mean ), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG). MTV was estimated using the adaptive threshold method [17] for each primary gastric lesion, by selecting a volume of interest (VOI) on the axial image, and the size of VOI was verified on the corresponding coronal and sagittal images to include the entire tumor in the VOI. TLG was calculated as the product of SUV mean and MTV.
8
Radioactive Tracer-Based Molecular Imaging
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All chemicals and solvents were purchased commercially and used without further purification. 99mTcO4− was purchased from HTA Co. Ltd. (Changsha, China). HSA, ICG, and FITC were purchased from MERYER (Shanghai, China). Ultrafiltration tubes were purchased from Merck (New Jersey, USA). Radioanalysis was performed using a radiothin-layer chromatography scanner (Eckert@Ziegler, USA). Radioactivity was detected using a WIZARD 2480 γ-counter (PerkinElmer). SPECT imaging was performed using a clinical SPECT/CT system (Precedence 16; Philips, The Netherlands). CT and SPECT projections were reconstructed and analyzed using an EBW workstation (Philips, The Netherlands).
9
Dynamic Lymphoscintigraphy of Radiolabeled NPs
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Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized with an oxygen flow of 1 L/min and 2% (v/v) isoflurane and fixed to a paperboard. After injection of 99mTc-ICG-HSA NPs (11.1 MBq/50 μL) into the left footpad, dynamic lymphoscintigraphy was performed immediately for up to 1 h using a SPECT/CT scanner (Precedence 16, Philips, Netherlands). Static planar scintigraphy was performed after 1 min of scanning at 2, 4, 24, and 48-hr post-injection, respectively. SPECT acquisition was performed with 60 steps in step-and-shoot mode, 20s per step, and a matrix size of 128 × 128. Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn on the acquired images to obtain time-radioactivity curves. Quantitative data were expressed as gamma counts. CT and SPECT projections were reconstructed and analyzed using an EBW workstation (Philips, The Netherlands).
10
PET/CT Imaging Protocol for 18F-FDG Quantification
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PET/CT imaging was performed on a Gemini TF 64 PET/CT instrument (Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, Ohio, USA). The 18F-FDG was generated from Sumitomo Corporation HM-10 cyclotron, with the radiochemical purity of greater than 95%. Patients fasted for at least 6 hours prior to PET/CT imaging, and blood glucose levels were controlled in the 3.9–7.5 mmol/L range. Following intravenous injection of 185–370 MBq 18F-FDG, patients then rested quietly for about 60 minutes. All patients were scanned on the machine in the supine position. The acquisition parameters of low-dose CT were 120 kV, 200 mA, matrix 512×512, slice thickness 5 mm. Scanning encompassed from the mid-thigh to the base of the skull. PET images were acquired in 3D mode, with an acquisition time of 1 minute per bed position. CT data were used for the correction of tissue attenuation. PET and CT images, as well as fused PET/CT images, were observed on a Philips EBW workstation.
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