Dna strands

DNA-strands with the prescribed parameters and sequences were obtained from Sangon Biotechnology Company, Shanghai, China. Cisplatin (CPT; 99% purity) was purchased from Shanghai-Chemicals Company, Shanghai, China. MTT-reagent (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol, 2 yl) 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium-bromide; 99% purity) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). HepG2 cells were provided by Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. Fast-Scan AFM by Bruker, USA was used for imaging and characterization of nanoparticles. Flow cytometry experiments were performed using a BD/LSR-FortessaX-20 flow cytometer (Becton-Dickinson, San Jose, CA, USA). Ninety-six-well plates were analyzed for UV–Vis measurements using a MultiScan-FC microplate-photometer by Thermo Fisher (Waltham, USA). The microliter volume samples were analyzed for UV–Vis measurements using a Thermo Fisher Nanodrop-2000c spectrometer (USA). Gel analysis was performed using a gel-apparatus by BioRad-Labs (CA, USA).

DNA strands were purchased from Sangon (Shanghai, China), and the sequences are listed in the supporting information. Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (Tris) was purchased from Bio-Rad (Singapore); MgCl₂ were from Quality Reagent Chemical (Singapore); EDTA were from USB biochemical (USA); agarose was purchased from Bio-Rad (Singapore); 100bp DNA ladder was from Thermo Fisher (Singapore); Endonuclease MspI and BspHI were purchased from New England Biolabs (Singapore). Ultrapure water with 18.2 MΩ·cm was used in all experiments.