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4 protocols using neurotrophin 3

1

Cochlear Explant Synaptogenesis Assay with Stem Cells

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The cochlear explants were dissected from early postnatal rats using methods previously described [16 (link)]. For synaptogenesis assays, the hair cells were dissected from the peripheral processes of ANs, thereby denervating the cochlear explant, using techniques previously described [3 (link), 17 (link)]. The cochlear explants and denervated cochlear explants (hair cells only) were grown on 0.4 μm organotypic membranes (Millipore) in coculture media containing NBM supplemented with brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 (each added to give a final concentration of 10 ng/mL; Chemicon).
Whole cochlear explants were cocultured with either 21-day-old hiPSC or hESC neurospheres (Figure 1). Denervated cochlear explants were cocultured with either 21 DIV or 28 DIV hiPSC or hESC neurospheres. The cocultures were incubated at 37°C, 10% CO2 for 1 DIV (explant only control), or 10 DIV (stem cell + explant/denervated explant cocultures). The coculture media were replenished every 2 DIV (100 μL/membrane).
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2

Isolation and Coculture of Cochlear Cells

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Physical ablation was performed to dissect cochlea into the inner H.C. (IHC), outer H.C. (OHC), and surrounding supporting cells from the newborn mice, transferred to laminin (25 mg/mL) and poly-L-ornithine (0.01%, Sigma-Aldrich) coated cover glass and maintained in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with N2 and B27 overnight at 37 8C. 10% fetal bovine serum (Sigma-Aldrich), 50 ng/mL neurotrophin-3 (Chemicon, Temecula, CA, U.S.), and 10 ng/ mL brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Chemicon) were added during the first day of culture, and the culture medium was refreshed every 2-3 days.
Physiology International 108 (2021) 1, 43-53 Spiral ganglion neuron isolation 0.25% trypsin (15 min, 37 8C) was utilized to isolate spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) from the modiolus. DMEM/F12 with 10% FBS was added to neutralize the trypsin, and the neurons were harvested by centrifugation. The cell pellet formed was resuspended in DMEM/F12 supplemented with N2 and B27 to make a single-cell suspension. The collected neurons were cocultured with deafferented Corti. Gap19 (50 mM, Tocris Bioscience, Sussex, UK) was added to the culture medium for six days to inhibit Cx43 hemichannels.
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Antibody Validation for Cellular Analysis

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Antibodies were previously validated for the applications used. The dilutions and applications were as follows: Coronin-1a (Abcam, ab53395, 1:400 for immunohistochemistry); Tubb3 (Covance, MMS-435P- 250, 1:400 for immunohistochemistry); Rhodamine Phalloidin (Life Technologies, R-415 1:400 for immunohistochemistry); Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) Mouse mAb (Cell signaling, #9106, 1:1000 for western blot); pan-p44/42 MAPK(Erk1/2) antibody(Cell signaling, #9102s, 1:1000 for western blot); Anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase (Millipore, AB1542 1:130 for immunohistochemistry); horseradish peroxidase-conjugated donkey anti-sheep IgG (Fisher/Jackson Immuno Research, NC9754415 1:250); 3,3′-Diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride tablet (Sigma, D5905-50TAB, 1 tablet: 20ml for staining); Neurotrophin 3 (Millipore, GF031); U-73122 (Sigma, U6756); GSK3β Inhibitor XIX (Millipore, 361565); Ionomycin (Sigma, I9657); BAPTA-AM (Invitrogen, B-1205); LY294002 (Sigma, L9908); BEZ235 (Selleckchem, S1009); PD0325901 (Selleckchem, S1036).
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4

Neurosphere Differentiation Protocol

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The six-well plates were coated with 20 mg/ml poly-L-ornithine (product no. P4957; Sigma-Aldrich) for at least 2 h in the incubator. The poly-L-ornithine solution was then removed, and the plate was rinsed once with water. Laminin (5 mg/ml) (product no. L2020; Sigma-Aldrich) was added to the plate, which then remained in the incubator for 1 h. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was then used to rinse the plate once immediately before use. The neurospheres were mechanically dissociated and digested with 0.25% trypsin for 10 min. Single cells were then plated on coated six-well plates and mixed with glial cell culture medium (kindly provided by Dr. Zhi-Zhao Ma) with DMEM and L-glutamine at a ratio of 1:1, plus 1% FBS, 100 nM all-trans-retinoic acid (product no. R2500; Sigma-Aldrich), 20 ng/ml brain-derived neurotrophic factor (product no. 203702; Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA), and 20 ng/ml neurotrophin-3 (product no. GF308; Millipore).
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