Zein powder

Zein powder (CAS: 9010-66-6), absolute ethanol, and acetic acid were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich^® (Taufkirchen, Germany). AISI 316L stainless steel (addressed 316L SS in this article) foil of ~1 mm thickness was used to prepare substrates. The composition of 316L SS was Ni-14.15, Cr-17.75, Mo-2.72, Mn-1.87, Si-0.58, P-0.015, S-0.008, C-0.025, Fe-balance (wt.%). Ag-Sr doped MBGNs were synthesized via a modified Stöber process; the details are given in our previous work [23 (link)].

Zein powder (MW 20 kDa),
ethanol (≥99.7%), l-ascorbic acid (Vit C), phosphate-buffered
saline (PBS) 1×, sodium acetate, calcium chloride (CaCl₂), apramycin sulfate salt, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), and ethanol/hexamethyldisilizane
(36%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received. Low
methoxy pectin powder was purchased from Silva Team. Lecithin (90%)
soybean was purchased from Alfa Aesar. The cell proliferation reagent
[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulphophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] (MTS) and the CellTiter-Glo Luminescent viability
assay kit were obtained from Promega. HDFa, fibroblast basal medium
supplemented with Supplement Pack Fibroblast Growth Medium 2, 0.25%
trypsin–EDTA (1×), 2-(4-aminiodinophenyl)-6-idolecarbamide
dihydrochloride (DAPI), and Alexa Fluor 488 Phalloidin were purchased
from Thermo Fisher Scientific. HaCaT cells were purchased from the
Cell Line Service (Heidelberg, Germany).

Sodium alginate was purchased from Junsei Chemical Co. (Tokyo, Japan). A live/dead cell viability kit was purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Tartrazine was purchased from GreenTech (Daejeon, South Korea). Horse serum and fungizone were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), penicillin-streptomycin (P/S), fetal bovine serum (FBS), L-glutamine, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.4) were purchased from WelGene (Daegu, Gyeongbuk, South Korea). Zein powder, calcium chloride dihydrate, AESO, PEGDA (molecular weight: 575 g/mol), lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate (LAP, ≥95%), collagenase I, entactin-collagen-laminin (ECL), insulin, linoleic acid, Nile red, bovine serum albumin, and Triton X-100 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade.