Quinine hemisulfate salt

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States

Quinine hemisulfate salt is a chemical compound that is commonly used in laboratory settings. It is a salt formed by the combination of quinine and sulfuric acid. The compound is a crystalline solid that is soluble in water and has a bitter taste. Quinine hemisulfate salt is often used as a standard reference material in various analytical and research applications.

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5 protocols using quinine hemisulfate salt

Trace Metal Analysis of Food Samples

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All chemicals used in the present study were of the analytical grade. Quinine hemisulfate salt, ethylenediaminetetra Acetic acid, mercury(ii) nitrate, lead(ii) nitrate, cobalt(ii) nitrate hexahydrate, zinc(ii) nitrate hexahydrate, copper(ii) nitrate trihydrate, and cadmium(ii) nitrate tetrahydrate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. Sodium phosphate monobasic, disodium phosphate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, calcium(ii) nitrate tetrahydrate, iron(iii) chloride hexahydrate, and iron(ii) sulfate were obtained from QReC™, New Zealand. Aluminium(iii) chloride, manganese(ii) sulfate monohydrate, nickel(ii) chloride, silver(i) chloride, and magnesium chloride were procured from Carlo Erba, Italy. Chromium(iii) nitrate and potassium dichromate were purchased from Acros Organics™, USA. Acetic acid was supplied by Merck, Germany. Hydrogen peroxide was purchased from Ajax Finechem, Australia. All food samples and shallot were obtained from the local market of Thailand.

Sakaew C., Sricharoen P., Limchoowong N., Nuengmatcha P., Kukusamude C., Kongsri S, & Chanthai S. (2020). Green and facile synthesis of water-soluble carbon dots from ethanolic shallot extract for chromium ion sensing in milk, fruit juices, and wastewater samples. RSC Advances, 10(35), 20638-20645.

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Nicotine and Aversive Tastant Preparation

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Nicotine hydrogen tartrate was purchased from Sigma (N5260, St. Louis, MO) and was prepared in sterile saline (pH = 7.0-7.2). Quinine hemisulfate salt, an aversive tastant, and saccharin, an appetitive tastant, were also purchased from Sigma. A working solution for quinine (0.006%, in distilled water) was prepared daily from a stock solution (0.06%). Heparin and methohexital were purchased from Butler Schein Animal Health (Dublin, OH).

Wang T., Han W, & Chen H. (2016). Socially acquired nicotine self-administration with an aversive flavor cue in adolescent female rats. Psychopharmacology, 233(10), 1837-1844.

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Morphine Consumption and Locomotor Sensitization

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For morphine consumption, morphine sulfate pentahydrate was obtained from the NIDA Drug Supply Program (Bethesda, MD, United States), while saccharin sodium salt and quinine hemisulfate salt were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, United States). Morphine, saccharin, and quinine were diluted in tap water for the consumption study (see below). For locomotor sensitization, morphine sulfate pentahydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States) was diluted in physiological saline (0.9% NaCl; Baxter) and injected intraperitoneally in a 10 ml/kg volume. The two suppliers of morphine were based on differences in funding sources between projects.

Kamens H.M., Miller C.N., Caulfield J.I., Zeid D., Horton W.J., Silva C.P., Sebastian A., Albert I., Gould T.J., Fishbein D., Grigson P.S, & Cavigelli S.A. (2021). Adolescent Stress Reduces Adult Morphine-Induced Behavioral Sensitization in C57BL/6J Mice. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 15, 678102.

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Alcohol and Tastant Solutions Preparation

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Ethyl alcohol (200 proof; Pharmco, Brookfield, CT, USA) was used for all experiments. The ethanol was diluted in physiological saline (0.9% NaCl) for i.p. injections (20% v/v) or tap water for drinking solutions. Saccharin sodium salt, quinine hemisulfate salt, and sucrose were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and diluted in tap water to appropriate concentrations.

Kamens H.M., Silva C., McCarthy R., Cox R.J, & Ehringer M.A. (2017). No evidence of a role of the β4 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in alcohol-related behaviors. BMC Research Notes, 10, 151.

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Nicotine Solution Preparation Protocol

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(−)-Nicotine freebase, saccharin sodium salt, and quinine hemi-sulfate salt were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. For intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections, nicotine was mixed in physiological saline (0.9% NaCl) to appropriate concentrations. For drinking solutions, nicotine and tastants were diluted in tap water.

Miller C.N., Caruso M.J, & Kamens H.M. (2018). Early-adolescent male C57BL/6J and DBA/2J mice display reduced sensitivity to acute nicotine administration. Neuroscience letters, 690, 151-157.

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