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21 protocols using ethanol c2h5oh

1

Dental Composite Material Synthesis and Characterization

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Analytical reagent grade ammonium water (NH3·H2O), urea (CO(NH2)2), calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca (NO3)2·4H2O), ammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4), and ethanol (C2H5OH) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Beijing Co. Ltd. Monomers of 2,2‐bis[4‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐methacryloyloxy propoxy)phenyl] propane (Bis‐GMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich. Camphorquinone (CQ, 97%), ethyl‐4‐dimethylaminobenzoate (4‐EDMAB, 99%), and 3‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ‐MPS, 99%) were purchased from J&K Scientific. Propylamine and cyclohexane solvents were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All materials were of analytical grade and used as received without any purification. Dentition model (BZ‐KQ059) was bought from Bai Zhou Science Equipment Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). SBF was purchased from Phygene Life Sciences Co., Ltd. (Fuzhou, China).
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2

Synthesis and Characterization of Melamine-Based Materials

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Melamine (C3H6N6), sodium fluoride (NaF), perchloric acid (HClO4), nitric acid (HNO3), and ethanol (C2H5OH) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. Chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H2PtCl6 ∙ 6H2O), deuterium oxide (D2O, 99 atom % D) and heavy oxygen water (H218O, 97 atom % 18O) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Company Ltd. All reagents used in the synthesis were analytical grade and used without further purified. Deionized water, with a resistivity of 18 MΩcm, was used throughout the experiments.
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3

Synthesis of Cobalt Nitrate-based Hybrid Materials

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Cobalt nitrate (Co(NO3)3·6H2O) (≥98.5%), pyrrole (≥98%), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (Mw: 55 000), ammonium persulfate (APS), terbutylhydroquinone (TBHQ) (≥98%), ethanol (C2H5OH) (≥99.7%), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) (≥99.5%), sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) (≥99.0%), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) (≥99.0%), potassium chloride (KCl) (≥99.0%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Sodium p-toluenesulfonate (C7H7SO3Na) (≥99.5%), concentrated sulfuric acid (H2SO4) (≥98.0%) were provided by Damao Chemical Reagent b (Tianjin, China). The deionized water was from a Millipore Autopure system (18.20 MΩ, Millipore Ltd, USA).
The morphology of various materials was observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM, SU8010, Japan) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, FEI Talos F200X, USA). The crystal phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD, Bruker Advance, Germany). The FT-IR spectra was obtained with a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, Bruker TENSOR 27, Germany). The Raman spectra was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy (Renishaw, U.K.) with a laser excitation of 532 nm. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data were performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Thermoelectricity Instruments, USA). The CHI 630E electrochemical workstation (Shanghai, China) was used to collect all electrochemical data.
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4

Fabrication and Characterization of Glass Microfluidic Devices

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Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), potassium chloride (KCl), acetone (CH3COCH3), ethanol (C2H5OH), and pH damping fluids with different pH values were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company, Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All chemicals used in the experiments were of reagent grade quality or better and were used without further purification. Aqueous solutions were prepared from de-ionized water.
Borosilicate glass tubes (o.d. = 1.0 mm, i.d. = 0.58 mm) were purchased from Sutter Instrument Company. Fine grade 800-grit sandpapers were purchased from Zhejianglixie Instrument Company, Ltd. (Yiwu, China). Apiezon wax was purchased from M&I Materials Ltd. (Manchester, UK).
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5

Multifunctional Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery

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1,8-naphthalenediamine, acetone, bismuth trichloride (BiCl3), squaraine (SQ), 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMAP), potassium carbonate, n-butanol, doxorubicin, toluene, triethylamine, ethanol (C2H5OH), acryloyl chloride, methylene chloride (CH2Cl2), triethylamine, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) were supplied by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). without further purification. Calcein AM and propidium iodide were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). L929 cell lines and cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) were obtained from the Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Male BALB/c mice and nude mice at the age of 6 weeks were purchased from Shanghai Silaike Experimental Animal Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
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6

Synthesis of Metal-Organic Frameworks

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Nickel nitrate hexahydrate (Ni(NO3)2·6H2O, AR,), cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O, AR,), Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, AR), ethanol (C2H5OH, AR) and ammonium fluoride (NH4F, AR) were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. 2‐Methylimidazole (2‐MeIM) was purchased from Aladdin. In particular, the water used for all experiments was purified ultra‐pure water (up water), with electrical resistivity of 18.25 MΩ cm−1. All other chemicals were utilized directly in experiments.
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7

Cobalt-Manganese Nanoparticle Synthesis

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Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O), manganese nitrate tetrahydrate (Mn(NO3)2·4H2O), glycerol (C3H8O3), isopropanol (C3H8O), and ethanol (C2H5OH) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Sodium hypophosphite monohydrate (NaH2PO2 H2O) was purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Deionized water (DW) was prepared in our laboratory using an ultrapure water machine. All the chemicals in the work were directly used without any further purification.
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8

Synthesis of Bismuth Nitrate Hydrate

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Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, NaCl, and RhB were provided by Shanghai
Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Concentrated
HNO3 (63 wt %), concentrated NH3·H2O (28 wt %), and ethanol (C2H5OH) were
provided by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China).
Deionized water (DIW) was homemade in the laboratory. All reagents
were used as received without any further purification.
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9

Synthesis of N-doped 4H-SiC Single Crystals

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The N doped single-crystalline 4H-SiC wafer was obtained from TankeBlue Semiconductor Co. Ltd.. Ethanol (C2H5OH, 99%) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 30%) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent. Hydrofluoric acid (HF, 40%) was from Aladdin in Beijing of China.
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10

Synthesis of Zinc Acetate Dihydrate

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Zinc acetate (Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O, mass fraction >99.0%, Sinopharm, Beijing, China), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, mass fraction >90.0%, Sinopharm, Beijing, China), ethanol (C2H5OH, mass fraction >75.0%, Sinopharm, Beijing, China), and deionized water were used.
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