3 pyridinecarboxamide nicotinamide

1-Bromobutane (99%), 1-bromodecane (98%), 1-bromohexadecane (97%), and 3-pyridinecarboxamide (nicotinamide, 98%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MI, USA). The inorganic salts and all solvents were purchased from Avantor (Gliwice, Poland) and used without further purification. Deionized water with a conductivity < 0.1 μS cm⁻¹, from the HLP Smart 1000 demineralizer (Hydrolab, Poland), was used. Phytotoxkits containing white mustard and sugar sorghum seeds as well as plastic containers and black filter contrast papers were purchased from MicroBioTests Inc. (Gent, Belgium). For the experiment, soil with the following elemental composition was used: 67 mg P kg⁻¹, 55 mg K kg⁻¹, 54 mg Mg kg⁻¹, 100 mg Fe kg⁻¹, pH 5.75 (in CaCl₂), and a C organic content of 1.90% (19.00 g kg⁻¹). L. minor plants were purchased from Perfekt Klik Sylwia Grzelak (Ostrzeszow, Poland) and the plants received an EU plant passport (A. Lemna B. PL-30/18/20385 C.3/20 D.PL).

1-Bromodecane (98%), 1-bromododecane (97%),
1-bromotetradecane (97%), 1-bromohexadecane (97%), 1-bromooctadecane
(97%), and 3-pyridinecarboxamide (nicotinamide, 98%) were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, Missouri). 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D, 98%) and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA, 96%)
were obtained from PESTINOVA (Jaworzno, Poland). Both herbicidal acids
were purified prior to use by recrystallization from toluene followed
by treatment with activated carbon (powder—100 particle size
(mesh), Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, Missouri). All solvents (methanol
(99.8%), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (98%), acetonitrile (99%), acetone
(99%), isopropanol (98%), n-propanol (99.5%), ethyl
acetate (99%), chloroform (98%), toluene (99.5%), hexane (99.5%))
and potassium hydroxide (85%) were delivered by Avantor (Gliwice,
Poland) and used without further purification. Deionized water with
a conductivity < 0.1 μS cm^–1, from the
HLP Smart 1000 demineralizer (Hydrolab, Poland), was used.