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8 protocols using ethanol

1

Synthesis and Characterization of Copolymer

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Styrene, maleic anhydride (MA), p-divinylbenzene (DVB) and 2,2’-azo-bis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Prague, Czech Republic). Styrene was distilled, MA was resublimed and AIBN was recrystallized from methanol prior to use. Ethyl acetate, ethanol and acetone of analytical grade were obtained from Lach-Ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Acetonitrile (ACN) and water of HPLC grade were purchased from VWR (Prague, Czech Republic). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution (pH 7.4) was prepared from tablets supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Prague, Czech Republic) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Prague, Czech Republic). Cell culture medium (CellGRO) and AlamarBlue Assay were purchased from ThermoFisher Scientific (Prague, Czech Republic), 24-well plates were from TPP (Prague, Czech Republic).
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2

Ion-Molecule Reactions of VOCs

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A wide scope of chemical
classes of VOCs
were included in order to ascertain the differences in ion–molecule
reactions between the literature data and the present data obtained
from the two instruments. We therefore used 1-propanol (PENTA, 99.5%),
2-propanol (PENTA, 99.8%), 2,3-butanedione (Aldrich, 97%), acetaldehyde
(Sigma-Aldrich, ≥99.5%), acetic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, ≥99.7%),
acetone (PENTA, 99.5%), ethyl acetate (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.8%), ethanol
(Lachner, 96%), and R-limonene (Sigma-Aldrich, Analytical
Standard).
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3

Synthesis and Characterization of Silica Nanoparticles for Immunological Assays

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FeCl2 · 4H2O and FeCl3 · 6H2O were purchased from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland). Sodium hypochlorite solution (5 wt.%) was from Bochemie (Bohumín, Czech Republic). Tetramethyl orthosilicate (TMOS), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), (3-aminopropyl)dimethylethoxysilane (APDMES), RPMI-1640 medium, phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM), L-glutamine, and hydroethidine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody was purchased from Beckman Coulter and fetal calf serum (FCS) from PAA. Fluorescein-labeled Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and opsonizing reagent were purchased from Molecular Probes (Eugene, OR, USA). Cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was purchased from Lachema (Brno, Czech Republic). Ammonium hydroxide solution (25%) and ethanol were purchased from Lach-Ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Gentamycin was purchased from Sandoz (Bratislava, Slovakia), cyclophosphamide (Cyf) from Baxter (Deerfield, IL, USA), and [3H]-thymidine from Moravek Biochemicals (Brea, CA, USA). Scintillation fluid was purchased from Perkin Elmer (Waltham, MA, USA). Ultrapure Q-water ultrafiltered on a Milli-Q Gradient A10 system (Millipore, Molsheim, France) was used for preparation of the solutions. ELISA sets were purchased from Affymetrix e-Biosciences.
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4

Deuterated Estradiol Metabolism in Rat

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Commercial capacitating M2 culture media (M7167), deuterated β-estradiol-16,16,17-d3 (E2-d3) (purity 98%), acetonitrile (ACN) for LC-MS, Chromasolv (purity ≥ 99.9%), and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) tablets were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich® (Steinheim, Germany). Formic acid (HCOOH) (LC-MS LiChropur, purity 97.5–98.5%), 17α-estradiol (purity 98%) and deionized water (for UHPLC-MS LiChrosolv) were provided by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Ethanol (purity ≥ 96% p.a.) was purchased from Lachner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Paraffin oil was purchased from Carl Roth® (Karlsruhe, Germany).
The experimental animals were laboratory inbred house rat strain Wistar (Velaz, Czech Republic). The males (n = 3) used for the experiments had reached sexual maturity and were 12 weeks old. The animals were housed in the animal facility of the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Science, Prague. Food and water were supplied ad libitum. All animal procedures and all experimental protocols were approved by the Animal Welfare Committee of the Czech Academy of Sciences (Animal Ethics Number 66866/2015-MZE-17214, 18 December 2015).
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5

Synthesis and Characterization of PEG-Neridronate

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FeCl2 · 4H2O, FeCl3 · 6H2O, Ce(NO3)3 · 6H2O, trisodium citrate dihydrate, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). NH4OH (25 wt.%), HCl (35 wt.%), H2O2 (30 wt.%), ethanol (96 %), propan-2-ol, and all other chemicals were purchased from LachNer (Neratovice, Czechia). Poly(ethylene glycol)-neridronate (PEG-Ner) was synthesized using PEG at a molecular weight of 2,000 or 5,000 Da as described previously (Kostiv et al., 2017 (link)).
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6

Lanthanide-based Contrast Agents

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Chloride hexahydrates of terbium(III), neodymium(III), ytterbium(III), and gadoli-nium(III) (99.99%), sodium tetrafluoroborate, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and N,N’-bis(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5-[N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido]-2,4,6-triiodoisophthal-amide (Iohexol) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ethanol (99%), ethylene glycol (EG), acetic and hydrochloric acids were obtained from Lach-Ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride were purchased from Lachema (Brno, Czech Republic). Sodium acetate (NaAc) buffer (pH 5) was prepared from sodium hydroxide and acetic acid. Gibco™ penicillin-streptomycin, CellMask™ deep red and PrestoBlue™ cell viability reagents were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). Sulfo-Cyanine7 NHS ester (Cy7) was purchased from Lumiprobe (Hannover, Germany). Isoflurane was obtained from Baxter (San Juan, Puerto Rico). Alendronate-modified poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide-co-N-acryloylglycine methyl ester) [P(DMA-AGME)-Ale; Mw = 11,000 g/mol] (Figure 1) was synthesized according to previously published procedure [29 (link)]. All chemicals were used directly without further purification. Ultrapure Q-water ultra-filtered on a Milli-Q Gradient A10 system (Millipore; Molsheim, France) was used in all experiments.
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7

Photoactive Hydrogel Biomaterial Synthesis

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Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3), HEMA, and SMCA were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Germany) and used as received. Potato starch was obtained from Agrana (Austria). Diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)-phosphine oxide (TPO) photoinitiator was obtained from RAHN (Switzerland). CRODA (France) kindly provided the Tween 20 surfactant. Acetone, ethanol, isopropanol and monochloroacetatic acid were purchased from Lach-ner (Czech Republic) and used as received.
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8

Synthesis and Purification of Quercetin Nanoparticles

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Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (97%) was purchased from Alfa Easar (Ottawa, ON, Canada). Ammonium acetate and poly(Ethylene glycol) (PEG, Mw = 4000 Da) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Ethylene glycol and ethanol (96%) were purchased from Lach-ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Compressed nitrogen was purchased from Messer (Bad Soden am Taunus, Germany). Silicon oil was received from Acros organics (Waltham, MA, USA). Quercetin (≥99%) was supplied by Lach-ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). 2-Propanol was purchased from Lach-ner (Neratovice, Czech Republic). Dialysis bags with molecular weight cut-offs (MWCOs) of 8 kDa and 25 kDa were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).
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