cAMP measurements were performed with a
GloSensor cAMP Assay (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. CHO cells were transfected with 7−11
μg of human 5-HT
1AR cDNA and 1
μg of
22F Glosensor plasmid (Promega) using a TransIT-CHO reagent (Mirus Bio, Madison WI), based on established methods.
39 (link) Twenty-four hours after transfection, cells were plated in media containing 10% dialyzed FBS and DMEM in
white, opaque 96-well plates (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA) at a density of 150,000 cells/100
μL and incubated at 37 °C, 5% CO
2 overnight. The next day, media were removed from plates, and cells were incubated with 90
μL of assay buffer (1× HBSS +20 mM HEPES) + 1% Glosensor substrate for 2 h in the dark at room temperature. Cells were then treated with compounds made in assay buffer for 30 min in the dark at room temperature. Then, cells were stimulated with 10
μM (final concentration) forskolin for 10 min in the dark at room temperature. Luminescence was measured with a Microbeta
2 (link) Microplate Counter (PerkinElmer). Data were analyzed as normalized means (± SEM) from at least three independent determinations, with controls and the kratom alkaloids tested at each concentration in triplicate.
León F., Obeng S., Mottinelli M., Chen Y., King T.I., Berthold E.C., Kamble S.H., Restrepo L.F., Patel A., Gamez-Jimenez L.R., Lopera-Londoño C., Hiranita T., Sharma A., Hampson A.J., Canal C.E., McMahon L.R, & McCurdy C.R. (2021). Activity of Mitragyna speciosa (“Kratom”) Alkaloids at Serotonin Receptors. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 64(18), 13510-13523.