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4 protocols using β naphthoflavone β nf

1

HL-60 Cell Culture and Treatments

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HL-60 human myeloblastic leukemia cells derived from the original patient isolate, a generous gift of Dr. Robert Gallagher, were grown in RPMI 1640 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum (Hyclone, Logan,UT) and 1x antibiotic/antimycotic (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) in a 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37°C. The cells were cultured in constant exponential growth as previously described [54 (link)]. The experimental cultures were initiated at a density of 0.1 x 106 cells/ml. Viability was monitored by 0.2% trypan blue (Invitrogen, Calsbad, CA) exclusion and routinely exceeded 95%.
For treatments, all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) was added from a 5 mM stock solution in 100% ethanol to a final concentration of 1 μM in culture. 6-Formylindolo(3,2-b)carbazole (FICZ) (BML-GR206-0100, Enzo Life Sciences, Exeter, United Kingdom and Abcam, Cambridge, MA ab141631), was added from a 100 μM DMSO stock to make a final concentration of 100 nM in culture. α-naphthoflavone (α-NF)and β-naphthoflavone (β-NF, both from Sigma, St. Louis, MO) were each used at a final concentration of 1 μM in culture.
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2

Comprehensive Metabolic Profiling Assay

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Acetaminophen (APAP) (>99%), β-naphthoflavone (β-NF) (>98%), caffeine (>99%), 13C3-caffeine (>99%), nicotine (>99%), chlorzoxazone (CLZ) (98%), tolbutamide (>99%), bupropion (98%), warfarin (>98%), carvedilol (>98%), metoprolol (>98%), adenosine 3′-phosphate 5′-phosphosulfate lithium salt hydrate (PAPS) (>60%), glutathione (GSH) (98%), acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) (93%), and HPLC grade acetonitrile were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). caffeine-d3 (1-methyl-d3) (99%) and bupropion-d9 (tert-butyl-d9) (99%) were purchased from CDN isotopes (Point-Clare, Quebec, Canada). Pazopanib, benzo[a]pyrene, and uridine diphosphate glucuronic acid (UDPGA) (>98%) were purchased from US Biological (Salem, MA). Other precursors (>95% purity) were sourced from the Spectrum Collection purchased from Microsource Discovery Systems (Gaylordsville, CT). Pooled human liver S9 fraction: mixed-gender (from 50 livers, H0640.S9) and NADPH regenerating system (K5000-10) were from Sekisui Xenotech (Kansas City, KS).
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3

Bioassay Protocol for Yeast Strains

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2.1 Reagents, microorganisms and cell lines 2,4-dinitrophenol, tannic acid, elagic acid, gallic acid, protecatechuic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid and sinapic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used as received. Ultra-pure water ( Mili-Q) was used to prepare all solutions. P. subcapitata and ephippia (dormant eggs) of D. magna, employed for the bioassays were supplied by ECOtest S.L. (Valencia, Spain) . Two recombinant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were employed: BY4741 strain to detect estrogenic activity (ER strain) and YCM4 strain to monitor aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist activity (AhR strain); they were kindly provided by Dr. Benjamin Piña from IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
Medium constituents employed in bioassays were supplied by Difco (Basel, Switzerland). Prototrophic markers, standards (17-β-estradiol (E2) and βnaphthoflavone (β-NF)) and enzymatic substrate (4-methylumbelliferone β-Dgalactopyranoside and β-mercaptoethanol) were purchased form Sigma-Aldrich. Assay buffer (Triton X-100) and Y-PER (Yeast Protein Extraction Reagent) were supplied by Fisher Chemical and Thermo Scientific, respectively.
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4

Compound Acquisition and Antibody Procurement

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Acenaphthene, acetaminophen, auranofin, β-naphthoflavone (β-NF), benzo[a]pyrene, bupropion, caffeine, chlorzoxazone (CLZ), nicotine, tolbutamide, trifluralin, naphthalene, coumarin, fluoranthene, 1,2-diphenylhydrazine, ethylbenzene, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, estrone, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, N-nitrosodipropylamine, 2-methylnaphthalene, endrin aldehyde, azinphos-methyl, dexamethasone, Geneticin (G418), pazopanib, S,S,S tributyl-phosphorotrithioate, bromodichloromethane, ethion, benzo[b]fluoranthene, bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, crizotinib, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, o,p'dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), omeprazole, pazopanib, polybrene, warfarin and HPLC grade acetonitrile were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). S,Shydroxy and R,R-hydroxy bupropion were purchased from Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI) and vandetanib was from AstaTech (Bristol, PA). Blasticidin was obtained from InvivoGen (San Diego, CA). Rabbit anti-V5 (V8137), mouse anti-glyceraldehyde 6phosphate dehydrogenase (MAB374), and mouse anti-actin (A2228) antibodies were purchased from Sigma.
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