Anticoagulation tubes

All human samples were obtained from healthy donors (n = 102; male, 54; female, 48; age, 20–82 years; average age, 49.8 ± 19 years) or hypertriglyceridemia patients (n = 8, male, 4; female 4; average age, 55.8 ± 6.9 years) after physical examination in the First Affiliated Hospital of ZhengZhou University (ZhengZhou, China). Blood samples were collected following the standards of the Ethics Committee of ZhengZhou University (Ethics Number: KY249). Blood from patients with hypertriglyceridemia was collected before and after fenofibrate (200mg/day; Abbott Laboratories limited; Shanghai, China) administration for 7 days. All blood samples were stored in 7 mL anticoagulation tubes (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA), and the serum and cells were separated for further experiments. Human donor information is listed in Table S2. Hypertriglyceridemia patient characteristics are summarized in Table S3.

The mice were euthanized with CO₂, and 5 ml blood and the aortas were retrieved. The aortas of the experimental mice were rinsed with distilled water, dried and weighed. The weight of every group was controlled to 3 mg. The blood was collected into anticoagulation tubes (BD Biosciences). After 3,000 x g centrifugation for 30 min at 4˚C, the supernatant of blood was taken as plasma. ELISA kits were used to quantify FGF-23 and PTH levels in plasma according to the manufacturer's instructions.