Dma 80 direct mercury analyzer

Manufactured by Milestone

Sourced in Italy, United States

The DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer is a laboratory instrument designed to measure the total mercury content in a wide range of sample types, including solids, liquids, and gases. The device uses thermal decomposition, amalgamation, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry techniques to accurately determine the mercury concentration.

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22 protocols using dma 80 direct mercury analyzer

Direct Mercury Analysis in Samples

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Reference analysis of mercury was performed using a DMA-80 direct mercury analyzer (Milestone, Italy). Mercury standard reserve solution (100 mg/L) was purchased from the standard sample research center of China Ministry of Environmental Protection. Mercury standard solutions (10.0 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L) were obtained by diluting the standard reserve solution with 1% (w/w) nitric acid and deionized water. The purity of oxygen was over 99.99% (v/v).
The working conditions of the DMA-80 direct mercury analyzer were as follows: low pressure mercury lamp was used as light source; the wavelength was kept at 253.7 nm; drying temperature was kept at 200°C for 60 s; decomposition temperature was kept at 650°C for 90 s; the oxygen pressure was 60 psi; and the detector was silicon ultraviolet photoelectricity. For each ALDC (naturally dried in the sun) or soil sample, the weight was kept at 100 mg and accurately weighted. The standard curve was developed by using the following series of standard solutions with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mg/L.

Xu L., Shi Q., Tang B.C, & Xie S. (2019). A New Plant Indicator (Artemisia lavandulaefolia DC.) of Mercury in Soil Developed by Fourier-Transform Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Coupled with Least Squares Support Vector Machine. Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry, 2019, 3240126.

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Direct Mercury Analysis Protocol

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The DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer (Milestone, Shelton, CT, USA) was used. Approximately 0.05 g of sample was weighed in quartz boats and placed in an auto-sampler. The samples were initially dried by an oxygen stream passing through a quartz tube located inside a controlled heating coil. It was then thermally decomposed at 650 °C and the released Hg was reduced on a catalytic column. Hg vapor was collected in a gold amalgamation trap and subsequently desorbed. The Hg content was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry at 254 nm. This method is described in detail elsewhere [11 ]. A standard solution of inorganic mercury (Hg²⁺) prepared from pure elemental Hg (certificate of purity no. 13/2005) was used to calibrate the instrument and check its accuracy. The limit of detection was 0.08 ng/g.

Snoj Tratnik J., Mazej D, & Horvat M. (2019). Analytical Quality Requirements in Human Biomonitoring Programs: Trace Elements in Human Blood. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(13), 2287.

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Direct Mercury Analysis of Samples

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The Hg concentration was determined according to the protocol of Cammilleri et al. (2018) [9 (link)]. About 0.1 ± 0.001 g of the samples was weighed, put onto nickel vessels, and introduced to a Milestone DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer (Milestone, Sorisole, Italy). The instrumentation parameters are shown in Table 1. The method was validated for repeatability and expanded measurement uncertainty according to ISO 17025:2005, considering four concentration levels (0.05–2 mgKg⁻¹) [2 (link)]. The instrumental/method limit of detection and quantification (LOD and LOQ) were assessed by the 3 σ and 10 σ approaches, according to the American Chemical Society committee.

Cammilleri G., Galluzzo F.G., Fazio F., Pulvirenti A., Vella A., Lo Dico G.M., Macaluso A., Ciaccio G, & Ferrantelli V. (2019). Mercury Detection in Benthic and Pelagic Fish Collected from Western Sicily (Southern Italy). Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, 9(9), 594.

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Efficient Mercury Removal by BNC Membranes

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To determine the mercury removal profiles in the BNC and BNC-m membranes, an aqueous solution of ∼4 ppm mercury was used, prepared from a reference standard of mercury nitrate. The pH of the solution was adjusted to six by adding NaOH 0.5 M.
The removal trials were carried out by placing each BNC or BNC-m membrane in 200 ml of mercury solution (pH∼6), with constant orbital shaking (100 rpm). The progress of the removal was monitored by extracting 1 ml of solution at different times over 24 h.
The amount of mercury associated with each aliquot was measured by direct mercury analysis using a Milestone^® DMA-80 direct mercury analyzer.

Suárez-Avendaño D., Martínez-Correa E., Cañas-Gutierrez A., Castro-Riascos M., Zuluaga-Gallego R., Gañán-Rojo P., Peresin M., Pereira M, & Castro-Herazo C. (2022). Comparative Study on the Efficiency of Mercury Removal From Wastewater Using Bacterial Cellulose Membranes and Their Oxidized Analogue. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 10, 815892.

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Quantitative Analysis of Total Mercury

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Approximately 16–20 mg of homogenized dry tissue (hair, renal cortex, renal medulla, muscle, liver) was analyzed for THg using a 2-cell DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer (Milestone Inc., Shelton, Connecticut, USA) according to USA EPA method 7473, with a minimum detection limit of 0.037 μg/g (Knott et al. 2011a (link); Lieske et al. 2011 (link)). Approximately 30 mg of homogenized powdered bone was analyzed for THg using a 3-cell low detection DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer (Milestone Inc., Shelton, Connecticut, USA; USA EPA method 7473. The low detection DMA-80 was calibrated using a 6 point linear calibration curve from 0.25 ng to 6.00 ng; R² = 0.9999, resulting in a minimum detection limit of 0.008 μg/g. All analytical runs included measurement of blanks, liquid standards (1 μg/g, 0.1 μg/g, 0.01 μg/g) and certified reference materials (IAEA-085, IAEA-086, DORM3, DOLT4) depending on tissue (Table I).

Dainowski B., Duffy L., McIntyre J, & Jones P. (2015). Hair and Bone as Predictors of Tissular Mercury Concentration in the Western Alaska Red Fox, Vulpes vulpes. The Science of the total environment, 0, 526-533.

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Determination of Total Mercury in Hair

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Total Hg concentration in hair (THg_hair) is a reasonable surrogate for MeHg since 80-98% of THg in hair is present as MeHg (Mergler et al. 2007 (link)). THg_hair is used hereafter in this paper to indicate THg or MeHg. The first 2 cm from the scalp-end of each hair sample was trimmed using titanium scissors and analyzed for THg by thermal decomposition, amalgamation and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (U.S. EPA 2007 ), using a DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer (Milestone Inc., Shelton, CT). At least one method blank and one certified reference material (CRM), GBW-07601 (human hair powder), were tested every 10 samples. Average recovery for the CRM was 108.2% with an RSD of 10.7%.

Dong Z., Jim R.C., Hatley E.L., Backus A.S., Shine J.P., Spengler J.D, & Schaider L.A. (2014). A Longitudinal Study of Mercury Exposure Associated with Consumption of Freshwater Fish from a Reservoir in Rural South Central USA. Environmental research, 136, 155-162.

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Analyzing Mercury Levels in Tissue

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Tissue samples were analyzed for Hg at the U.S. Geological Survey Dixon Field Station Mercury Lab using either a Milestone DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer (Milestone, Shelton, Connecticut, USA) or a Nippon Instruments MA-3000 Direct Mercury Analyzer (Nippon Instruments Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 7473⁵³. Thawed blood samples were carefully inverted multiple times to rehomogenize before an aliquot was removed for analysis. Blood (~ 100 µL) and lanugo (4–8 mg) samples were weighed to the nearest 0.01 mg and then placed in the Hg analyzer. Total mercury (THg) concentrations were generated using wet weight (μg/g ww) for blood samples and dry weight (μg/g dw) for lanugo samples. Recoveries (arithmetic mean ± SE) were 100.2 ± 0.4% (n = 85) for certified reference materials (DORM-3, DORM-4, TORT-3, DOLT-3, and DOLT-4) and 100.5 ± 0.3% (n = 69) for continuing calibration verifications. The relative percent difference for duplicate samples averaged 3.8 ± 0.4% (n = 34) for lanugo and 2.0 ± 0.5% (n = 23) for blood.

Peterson S.H., Peterson M.G., Ackerman J.T., Debier C., Goetsch C., Holser R.R., Hückstädt L.A., Johnson J.C., Keates T.R., McDonald B.I., McHuron E.A, & Costa D.P. (2024). Foraging behavior and age affect maternal transfer of mercury to northern elephant seal pups. Scientific Reports, 14, 4693.

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Trace Metal Analysis in Blood

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The analysis of B-Pb and U-Cd were performed with a GF-AA instrument (SOLLAR M6, Thremo, Cambridge, England). The limits of detection (LODs) were 0.1 and 0.3 µg/dL, respectively. Hg was analyzed with the Milestone DMA-80 direct mercury analyzer (Shelton, CT, USA), and the LOD was 0.1 µg/dL.
Standard Reference Material was used for the internal quality control (National Institute of Standards and Technology) product for Pb in the blood. During the test, the analyzing was performed in Lot and almost all results were correct (90% of total items).

Park H., Lee K., Moon C.S., Woo K., Kang T.S., Chung E.K, & Son B.S. (2015). Simultaneous Exposure to Heavy Metals among Residents in the Industrial Complex: Korean National Cohort Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12(6), 5905-5917.

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Feather Mercury Analysis via AAS

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The analysis of total mercury (THg) concentrations in feathers was conducted using atomic absorption spectrometry, in accordance with US EPA SW-846 Method 7473 (USEPA, 1998, 2007) using a Milestone DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analyzer. Measurements were carried out at Laboratorio de Mercurio y Química Ambiental (LAMQA) in Puerto Maldonado, Peru, a laboratory facility jointly managed by the Centro de Innovaccion Cienti ca Amazonica (CINCIA) and the Peruvian Ministry of Environment's Instituto de Investigación de la Amazonica Peruana (IIAP).
To prepare the samples for analysis, feathers were homogenized using stainless steel scissors cleaned with a 2% nitric acid (HNO3) solution after each use to prevent cross-contamination. For each individual, approximately 0.02 g of homogenized feathers was weighed, and a duplicate sample was analyzed to ensure measurement precision. Strict blank controls were performed everyday QA/QC was ensured by the use of liquid standard every 5 samples and certi ed reference materials at the beginning and end of every day run. We used DORM-4 (National Research Council, Canada), and CRM-13 (National Institute for Environmental Studies, Japan). The average recovery rates were 98% and 97%, respectively.

Pisconte J.N., Vega C.M., Sayers CJ 2.n.d., Sevillano-Ríos C.S., Pillaca M., Quispe E., Tejeda V., Ascorra C., Silman M.R, & Fernandez L.E. (2024). Elevated mercury exposure in bird communities inhabiting Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining landscapes of the southeastern Peruvian Amazon. Ecotoxicology (London, England), 33(4-5).

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Quantifying T-Hg in Copepod Samples

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To analyze T-Hg contents in the adult copepods of F0-F3, approximately 50 adult copepods were collected and pooled together as a sample with three replicates per treatment. After freeze-drying for 2 days, the samples were digested in a water bath (95 °C) using concentrated HCl and HNO₃ (1:3, v/v) before testing^{64 (link)}. T-Hg concentrations in the digestion were measured via a DMA-80 direct mercury analyzer (Milestone, Italy, referred to EPA Method 7473). The minimum detection level for T-Hg is 0.2 ng/g. Mercury standard solutions were analyzed for T-Hg in each batch of samples, and the recovery rates were 85–110%^{64 (link)}. T-Hg contents in the adult copepods were measured as ng/g dry weight (DW). Additionally, the DCF was calculated as the T-Hg contents in the copepods divided by the nominal metal concentration in the seawater for F0-F3.

Li Y., Wang W.X, & Wang M. (2017). Alleviation of mercury toxicity to a marine copepod under multigenerational exposure by ocean acidification. Scientific Reports, 7, 324.

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