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5 protocols using ab110328

1

Antibody Validation for RPPA Assays

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All 217 antibodies used to probe RPPA slides were validated by the Antibody-based Proteomics Core at Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) ((20 ), https://www.bcm.edu/academic-centers/dan-l-duncan-comprehensive-cancer-center/research/cancer-shared-resources/reverse-phase-protein-array). Primary antibodies used to detect human FXN (Abcam; Ab110328) and aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A3 (ALDH1A3) (Novus Biologicals; NBP2-15339) and CYP26B1 (Novus Biologicals; NBP1-33476) on the RPPA were validated by Western blotting of lysates prepared from fibroblast cells stably depleted of each antigen by shRNA. Briefly, fibroblast cells were transduced with lentiviral particles containing shRNA sequences targeting human FXN (FXN MISSION shRNA TRCN0000006137; NM_000144.3-796s1c1 and TRCN0000006138; NM_000144.3-661s1c1), ALDH1A3 (ALDH1A3 MISSION shRNA TRCN0000027144; NM_000693.1-459s1c1), or CYP26B1 (CYP26B1 MISSION shRNA TRCN0000064053; NM_019885.2-242s1c1), or nontargeting shRNA CTRL (MISSION shRNA SHC002), all of which were purchased as plasmid DNA glycerol stocks from Sigma–Aldrich. Fibroblasts were selected with puromycin (2 μg/ml) for 1 week, and then harvested for protein lysate preparation and Western blotting.
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2

Fibroblast Protein Extraction and Western Blot

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Fibroblasts were harvested by centrifugation (300g, 5 min, at 25 °C), and cell pellets were washed once with ice-cold PBS and then centrifuged at 1000g, 1 min, at 4 °C. Cells were resuspended in buffer (0.1% NP-40 [Nonidet P-40], 0.25 M NaCl, 5 mM EDTA, 50 mM Hepes [pH 7.5], 0.5 mM DTT, and 0.1% protease inhibitor cocktail [Sigma–Aldrich]) and kept on ice for 20 min for lysis. Suspensions were centrifuged 20,000g, 10 min, at 4 °C, and clarified protein lysates were transferred to fresh tubes. Protein concentration was determined by Bradford assay (32 (link)), and 50 to 75 μg lysates were separated on 4 to 12% gradient Bis–Tris gels (Life Technologies). Proteins were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes and probed with the following antibodies: ALDH1A3 (Novus Biologicals; NBP2-15339), CYP26B1 (Novus Biologicals; NBP1-33476), FXN (Ab110328; Abcam or GTX54036; Genetex), and GAPDH (EMD Millipore).
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3

Immunoprecipitation of FXN Protein

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Anti-FXN antibody ab110328 (abcam) was utilized for immunoprecipitation of FXN protein from lysates. To cross-link antibodies to protein A/G beads (Santa Cruz Biotech), 500 μl resin was washed in PBS and then incubated with 100 μl ab110328 antibody for 1 h at room temperature with end-over-end rotation. Beads were then washed with PBS and covalent conjugation of antibody was carried out using a freshly prepared primary amine cross-linking buffer (180 μl 2.5 mM DSS from Pierce, 770 μl water, and 50 μl 20 × PBS). Residual DSS and unbound antibody were removed by washing with 0.1 M Glycine pH 2.5–3 followed by washes in PBS. Finally, beads were stored at 4 °C in PBS. For immunoprecipitation (IP), 500 μg of cleared cell lysates (containing NEM) were incubated with 25 μl of anti-FXN conjugated beads for 2 h at 4 °C then washed two times with lysis buffer (Fig. S3B) or in high (500 mM NaCl, 50 mM TrisCl pH 7.5, 0.5% Igepal CA-630) and low salt buffers (10 mM TrisCl, 0.5% Igepal CA-630; Fig. S3C) before removal of trace amounts of lysis buffer. Resultant IP beads were resuspended in 50 μl 2x LDS sample buffer and heated at 100 °C for 5 min. Eluates were then carefully transferred, without beads, to clean microtubes and supplemented with DTT reducing agent. Input lysates, IPs, and output flowthrough lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting as described above.
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Immunoblotting and Immunocytochemistry Protocols

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α‐actin (Abcam, Cell Signaling Technology, 3700S, 1:1000 for WB), α‐Drp1 (Abcam, ab184247, 1:250 for ICC, 1:1000 for WB), α‐phospho Drp1(S616) (Cell Signaling Technology, 3455S, 1:250 for ICC, 1:1000 for WB), α‐FXN (Abcam, ab110328, 1:1000 for WB), α‐GRP75 (Abcam, ab2799, 1:250 for ICC).
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5

Protein Extraction from FFPE Cerebellum

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Proteins were isolated from microdissected formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) cerebellum sections using the Qproteome FFPE Tissue kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA) according to the manufacturers' instructions. Subsequent Western blotting of protein lysates and densitometric analysis were carried out as previously described.29 Primary antibodies used were anti‐β actin (ab8227, 1:5,000, Abcam), anti‐catalase (C0979, 1:2,000, Sigma‐Aldrich), anti‐human frataxin (ab110328, 1:2,000, Abcam), anti‐frataxin (ab113691, 1:2,000, Abcam), anti–glutathione peroxidase‐1 (ab22604, 1:1,000, Abcam), anti‐NeuN (ab177487, 1:5,000, Abcam), anti–nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2 (Nrf2; sc‐722, 1:3,000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA), anti‐peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐alpha (PGC‐1alpha) (sc‐13067, 1:3,000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), anti‐SOD1 (ab16831, 1:5,000, Abcam), and anti‐SOD2 (ab16956, 1:5,000, Abcam). (Of note, increases in total frataxin are likely to be underestimated when compared to human frataxin due to differences in antibody (ab113691, Abcam) species reactivity; the human protein reactivity of the antibody is approximately 50% of mouse protein reactivity at the same concentration. Commercial mouse‐specific frataxin antibodies are not available.)
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