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5 protocols using fda approved drug screen well library

1

Evaluation of FDA-Approved Drugs for Novel Activities

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Crizotinib, ceritinib, and lorlatinib were purchased from Selleck Chemical (Houston, TX). The library of FDA‐approved drugs (Screen‐Well FDA‐Approved Drug Library, 640 chemical compounds dissolved at 10 mM in dimethyl sulfoxide) was obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (Plymouth Meeting, PA). The following compounds were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO): cerivastatin, simvastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, GGPP, FPP, squalene, GGTI‐298, FTI‐277, and verteporfin. Drug preparation and use of all reagents were conducted according to manufacturer's instructions.
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2

Screening Library of FDA-Approved Drugs

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The Screen-Well FDA-approved drug library was purchased from Enzo Life Sciences (catalogue no. BML-2841; Farmingdale, NY, USA). The 640 compounds in this library were provided at 2 mg/mL in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Flubendazole (FLB), mebendazole (MEB), benomyl (BEN), nisoldipine (NIS), nifedipine (NIF), felodipine (FEL), niguldipine (NIG), amphotericin B (AMB), itraconazole (ITZ), voriconazole (VRZ) and 5-flucytosine (5FC) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Fluconazole (FLC) was obtained from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Stock solutions of amphotericin B, itraconazole and voriconazole were prepared at 1.6 mg/mL in water; 5-flucytosine was made at 6.4 mg/mL in water; fluconazole was made at 12.8 mg/mL in water and all remaining drugs were dissolved in DMSO at 2 mg/mL. All compounds were stored at −80 °C.
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Evaluating Drug Efficacy in MICA#2-8 Cells

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Alex-pGL4.20-MICA#2-8 cells were treated with drugs in the FDA-Approved Drug Screen-well Library (Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY, USA) for 48 h, and the cell viabilities were determined with Cell Counting Kit-8. The firefly luciferase activities were measured as described previously63 (link) and normalized to the cell viabilities to obtain the fold-change in the efficacy for each drug compared with the untreated control. Z-scores were then calculated by dividing the difference between each comparison and median fold-changes based on the standard deviation of all the wells in the plate.
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4

Screening Approved Drugs for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Sorafenib and regorafenib were obtained from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA) and Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA), respectively. Ilomastat, leukotriene C4/D4, and pranlukast /montelukast were purchased from Selleck (Houston, TX, USA), Cayman CHEMICAL (Houston, TX, USA), and TCI (Tokyo, Japan), respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) was purchased from Dojindo (Kumamoto, Japan). The FDA-Approved Drug Screen-well library was obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA). HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA) and cultured according to the supplier’s protocols. The cell lines were authenticated by short tandem repeat analysis (Bex, Tokyo, Japan) in January 2018. ADAM9 siRNA was purchased from Dharmacon (Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA).
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5

Cell Culture and Reagent Procurement

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DSF was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA). TR, TMTM, Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate, and MMS were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). AHA and mitomycin were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). ILM was purchased from Focus Biomolecules (Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA). DETC-MeSO and DDTC-MeSO were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). The FDA-Approved Drug Screen-well Library and Cell Counting Kit (CCK)-8 were obtained from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY, USA) and Dojindo (Kumamoto, Japan), respectively. PLC/PRF/5 cells were authenticated by the short tandem repeat method (Bex, Tokyo, Japan) in 2016 and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium containing fetal bovine serum according to the protocol (www.atcc.org/Products/All/CRL-8024.aspx#culturemethod) of American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) (Manassas, VA, USA). NK92MI cells were also obtained from ATCC and cultured in Alpha Minimum Essential medium containing horse and fetal bovine serums following the protocol (www.atcc.org/Products/All/CRL-2408.aspx#culturemethod). PXB cells were purchased from Phoenix Bio (Hiroshima, Japan). Cells were cultured at 37°C and 5 % CO2.
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