Tomato ketchup was a gift from H.J. Heinz Company, the composition of the tomato ketchup is given in Table 1 . The lycopene and α-tocopherol contents were determined after hexane extraction and reversed phase HPLC analysis. L-ascorbic acid was oxidized to dehydroascorbate using ascorbate oxidase, and dehydroascorbate was quantified using HPLC after reaction with o-phenylene diamine. L-ascorbic acid (CAS# 50-81-7) and RRR α-tocopherol (CAS# 59-02-9) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (Germany). All-trans lycopene (CAS# 502-65-8) was supplied by Extrasynthese (France). All other chemicals were of analytical grade (>99% purity).
Rrr α tocopherol
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in Germany
RRR α-tocopherol is a naturally occurring form of vitamin E. It is a lipid-soluble antioxidant that helps protect cells from oxidative damage. The core function of RRR α-tocopherol is to act as an antioxidant and support overall cellular health.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
α tocotrienol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
γ tocotrienol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
L ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lauric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pentadecanoic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
β tocopherol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
δ tocopherol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Phospholipid, by Avanti Polar Lipids (1 mentions)
Ethanol, by Carl Roth (1 mentions)
Rrr γ tocopherol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
δ tocotrienol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rrr δ tocopherol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
β tocotrienol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
6 protocols using rrr α tocopherol
1
Quantification of Tomato Ketchup Compounds
2
Tocopherol and Fatty Acid Analysis
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Chemicals used were identical to Krauß et al.25 (link),27 (link) with few exceptions. (R,R,R)-α-tocopherol (≥97%) and (R,R,R)-γ-tocopherol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany), while β-tocopherol and δ-tocopherol were from Supelco Analytical (Bellefonte, USA). Thionyl chloride, myristic acid (≥98%) and α-linolenic acid were from Fluka (Steinheim, Germany) and lauric acid and pentadecanoic acid (both >99%) were ordered from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
3
Quantification of Tocochromanol Standards
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Commercial standards of RRR‐α‐tocopherol, RRR‐β‐tocopherol, RRR‐δ‐tocopherol, RRR‐γ‐tocopherol (≥95%; Sigma‐Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany), α‐tocotrienol, β‐tocotrienol, δ‐tocotrienol, γ‐tocotrienol (≥97%; Sigma‐Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany), and isolated 11′‐αT1 (≥97%) extracted from a palm oil vitamin E extract (Müller et al., 2018 (link)) were used for tocochromanol quantification.
4
Lipid Procurement and Characterization
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Phospholipids were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids (Alabaster, AL) and used as received. The lipids examined include 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC, di-16:0PC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC, 16:0-18:1PC), 1,2-dioleoylsn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC, di-18:1PC), 1,2-dilinoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DLiPC, di-18:2PC). Sunflower phosphotydilcholine (SPC) extract was obtained from the American Lecithin Company (Oxford, CT). RRR-α-tocopherol was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI) as an oil and was used as received.
5
Vitamin E Derivatives Protocol
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RRR-α-tocopherol and RRR-γ-tocopherol (αT, ≥ 95%, CAS number 59-02-9, cat#KP5101; γT, ≥ 95%, CAS number 54–28-4, cat#KP5103) were from Calbiochem/Merck Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany), R-α-tocotrienol (αT3; ≥ 97% pure, CAS number 58864-81-6, #07205) was from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany) and R-γ-tocotrienol (γT3; ≥ 98% pure, extracted from vitamin E capsules as previously described [18] (link)) was a kind gift from Professor Walter Vetter (Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Germany).
αT (100 mmol/L), αT3 (50 mmol/L), γT (50 mmol/L) and γT3 (20 mmol/L) stock solutions were prepared in ethanol (Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany). Substances were diluted in growth medium (see below) prior to experiments and ethanol concentrations did not exceed 0.1% (v/v).
αT (100 mmol/L), αT3 (50 mmol/L), γT (50 mmol/L) and γT3 (20 mmol/L) stock solutions were prepared in ethanol (Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany). Substances were diluted in growth medium (see below) prior to experiments and ethanol concentrations did not exceed 0.1% (v/v).
6
Tocochromanol and Fatty Acid Identification
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Commercial standards of RRR-α-tocopherol, RRR-β-tocopherol, RRR-γ-tocopherol, RRR-δ-tocopherol (purity ≥ 95% Calbiochem-Novabiochem Corp. (Merck Group)), α-tocotrienol, β-tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, δ-tocotrienol (purity ≥ 97%, Sigma-Aldrich (Merck Group, Taufkirchen, Germany)), and 11′-αT1 (purity ≥ 97%, isolated from palm oil [29 (link)]) were used for tocochromanol identification and quantification. Fatty acids were identified and quantified as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) using a Supelco 37-Component FAME standard mix (Sigma Aldrich, Taufkirchen, Germany).
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