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Ammonium formate

Sourced in China, United States

Ammonium formate is a chemical compound used as a buffer solution in various analytical and biochemical applications. It is a colorless, crystalline solid that is soluble in water. Ammonium formate is commonly used in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) as a mobile phase additive to enhance ionization and improve separation performance.

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7 protocols using ammonium formate

1

Quantitative Analysis of Flavonoids

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LC-MS-grade methanol was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Formic acid was purchased from Fisher Scientific (LC-MS grade, Thermo Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA), and ammonium formate was obtained from Macklin (HPLC grade, purity: ≥99%). Sakuranetin was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sigma-Aldrich, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA, CAS number: 2957-21-3); quercitrin (CAS number: 522-12-3), myricitrin (CAS number: 17912-87-7), kaempferol (CAS number: 520-18-3), luteolin (CAS number: 491-70-3), rutin (CAS number: 153-18-4), hyperoside (CAS number: 482-36-0), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (CAS number: 17650-84-9), catechin (CAS number: 225937-10-0), and catechin gallate (CAS number: 130405-40-2) were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was purified using a Milli-Q system (18 MΩ*cm, Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA).
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2

Lipidomic Analysis Using Synthetic Standards

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The PL standards were purchased from Avanti Polar Lipids, including phosphatidylcholine (PC 17:0/17:0), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE 17:0/17:0), phosphatidylglycerol (PG 17:0/17:0), phosphatidic acid (PA 17:0/17:0), phosphatidylinositol (PI 8:0/8:0), sphingomyelin (SM d18:1/12:0) and SPLASH LIPIDOMIX (isotopic internal standard mixture). Glyceryl trilinoleate (TAG) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Other chemicals, including methanol, chloroform, acetonitrile and ammonium formate, were purchased from Macklin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) (high-performance liquid chromatography or analytical reagent grade).
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3

Highly Purified Compounds for Analytical Methods

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L-carnitine (purity >99.5%) and MILD (purity >99.6%) were purchased from Dalian Meilun Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Dalian, China). Acetonitrile [(ACN); purity >99.9%] and formic acid [(FA); purity >99.0%] of liquid chromatography grade were obtained from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany) and Anaqua Chemical Supply (Wilmington, DE, USA), respectively. Ammonium formate (purity >99.0%) was obtained from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Water was purified and deionized with a Milli-Q system manufactured by Millipore (Bedford, MA, USA).
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4

Simultaneous Quantification of Antibiotics in Blood

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Sulbactam sodium, tazobactam, meropenem trihydrate, metronidazole, ampicillin sodium, cefotaxime sodium, cefoperazone sodium, piperacillin sodium, and acetaminophen were all purchased from Macklin (Shanghai, China). ULC–MS grade acetonitrile and methanol were supplied from the Anaqua™ Chemicals Supply (Wilmington, NC, USA). ULC–MS grade formic acid and ammonium formate were purchased from Macklin (Shanghai, China). Deionized water was purified using a Hitech Smart-S ultrapure water system (Shanghai, China). Whole blood was obtained from drug-free healthy volunteers and collected in heparin sodium tubes.
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5

Synthesis of Metal Complexes and Organic Compounds

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Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate (Cd(NO3)2·4H2O), sodium sulfide nonahydrate (Na2S·9H2O) and potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) were provided by Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd (Guangdong, China). p-Nitrophenol (C6H5NO3), p-aminophenol (C6H6N2O2) and ammonium formate (CH5NO2) were supplied by Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Attapulgite was purchased from Xuyi (Jiangsu, China). All the reagents were AR (analytical reagent) grade in purity. Deionized water used in all the processes was from local sources.
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6

Quantitative Analysis of Neonicotinoid Pesticides and Metabolites

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NEOs (acetamiprid, ACE; imidacloprid, IMI; nitenpyram, NIT; thiacloprid, THI; thiamethoxam, THX; clothianidin, CLO; dinotefuran, DIN; sulfoxaflor, SUL; flonicamid, FLO; flupyradifurone, FLU) and their metabolites (IMI-olefin, IMI-urea, desnitro imidacloprid, N-dNO2-IMI; 5-hydroxy imidacloprid, 5-OH-IMI (CAS: 155802-61-2); hydroxy imidacloprid, OH-IMI (CAS: 380912-09-4); N-desmethyl-acetamiprid, N-dm-ACE; 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) urea, UF; 1-methyl-3-(tetrahydro-3-furylmethyl) guanidium dihydrogen, DN; 6-chloronicotinic acid, 6-CNA (a metabolite of the chloropyridinyl neonicotinoids); 4-trifluoromethylnicotinic acid, TFNA (a metabolite of FLO)) were purchased from Alta Scientific Co., ltd. (Tianjin, China). HPLC-grade acetonitrile and formic acid were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). Ammonium formate was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., ltd (Shanghai, China). Primary secondary amine (PSA, 40–60 μm), bonded silica C18, and graphitized carbon black (GCB, 120–400 mesh) were purchased from Bonna-Agela Technologies (Tianjin, China). Analytical grade salts such as anhydrous magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium acetate, and other reagents were purchased from Beijing Chemical Reagents Co. (Beijing, China). The water used in the experiment was purified using a Milli-Q system (Merck Millipore, Billerica, USA).
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7

Quantifying Phenolic Compounds in Plant Extracts

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LC-MS grade methanol was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Formic acid was purchased from Fisher Scientific (LC-MS grade, Thermo Scientific, Carlsbad, CA, USA), and ammonium formate was purchased from Macklin (HPLC grade, purity: ≥99%). Chlorogenic acid (CAS No. 327-97-9), p-coumaric acid (CAS No. 501-98-4), caffeic acid (CAS No. 331-39-5), ferulic acid (CAS No. 537-98-4), sinapic acid (CAS No. 530-59-6), cryptoChlorogenic acid (CAS No. 905-99-7), syringic acid (CAS No. 530-57-4), and protocatechuic acid (CAS No. 99-50-3) were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Ultrapure water was purified using a Milli-Q system (18 MΩ × cm, Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA).
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