Spermine n n bis 3 aminopropyl 1 4 diaminobutane

Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II), 99.9%), potassium tetrachloropalladate (II) (K₂PdCl₄, 98%) and spermine (N,N’-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sintra, Portugal). The Pd₂Spm complex was synthesized according to published procedures [59 ] optimized by the authors [43 (link)]: 2 mmol of K₂PdCl₄ were dissolved in a small amount of water, and 1 mmol spermine aqueous solution was added dropwise under stirring. After 24 h, the resulting powder was filtered and washed with acetone (yield 68%). The newly synthesized compound was characterized (and tested as to purity) by elemental analysis and vibrational spectroscopy—Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman and inelastic neutron scattering (INS), and compared with previous data [43 (link)]. Elemental analysis, Found (for Pd₂(C₁₀N₄H₂₆)Cl₄): C: 21.2%; H: 4.7%; N: 9.6%, Cl: 25.9%; Calculated—C: 21.5%; H: 4.6%; N: 9.9%, Cl: 25.6%. Euthasol^® solution (400 mg/mL pentobarbital sodium) was obtained from Le Vet (Oudewater, The Netherlands). All reagents were of analytical grade.

Polypropylene 10 mL tubes with high-density polyethylene screw caps (Ref# 62.9924.284) used for sample digestions were from Sarstedt (Nümbrecht, Germany). Nitric acid (HNO₃, TraceSELECT™, ≥69.0%) and hydrochloric acid (HCl, TraceSELECT™, ≥30%) were purchased from Honeywell Fluka™ (Düsseldorf, Germany). For ICP-MS determinations, the multi-element standard solution TraceCERT^® (100 mg/L), ICH Q3D oral, Standard 2 solution from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany) and the internal standard solution ICP-MS-200.8-IS-1 (100 mg/L of Sc, Y, In, Tb, Bi) from AccuStandard^® (New Haven, CT, USA) were used. Ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ.cm at 25 °C) was obtained with an Arium^® pro water purification system (Sartorius, Goettingen, Germany). Animals were euthanized with Euthasol^® solution (400 mg/mL pentobarbital sodium) acquired from Le Vet (Oudewater, The Netherlands). Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammine platinum(II), 99.9%), potassium tetrachloropalladate (II) (K₂PdCl₄, 98%), spermine (N,N’-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, 99%), DMEM-HG cell culture medium and RPMI-1640 cell culture medium were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sintra, Portugal). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was from Gibco (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). All the other reagents were of analytical grade.

Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammine platinum (II), 99.9%), potassium tetrachloropalladate (II) (K₂PdCl₄, 98%) and spermine (N,N′-bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Sintra, Portugal). Euthasol^® solution (400 mg/mL pentobarbital sodium) was obtained from Le Vet (Oudewater, The Netherlands). All reagents were of analytical grade.
The Pd₂Spm complex was synthesized according to published procedures [85 (link),86 (link)]. Briefly, 2 mmol of K₂PdCl₄ was dissolved in a small amount of water, and 1 mmol of spermine (in aqueous solution) was added dropwise under stirring. After 24 h, the resulting powder was filtered and washed with acetone (yield 68%). The newly synthesized compound was characterized (and tested for purity) by elemental analysis and vibrational spectroscopy [86 (link)].