All chemicals (1a-c , 2a-e , Et2O, anhydrous Na2SO4, etc.) used in the study were of analytical grade (Merck / Sigma / Aldrich / Fluka). The carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) (Merck Chemical Co., Germany, CAS 9004-32-4), 4-acetaminophenol (Pacific Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Lahore), silymarin (source, Silybum marianum) (Abbott Laboratories, Pvt. Ltd. Karachi) was used. The pre-coated silica gel (0.25 mm thick layer over Al sheet, Merck) TLC was used to monitor the reaction. The IR and UV/Vis spectra were recorded on Shimadzu (Prestige 21) FT-IR spectrometer as KBr discs and Thermo Spectronic (UV-1700) spectrophotometer in CHCl3/MeOH, respectively. The 1
H-NMR and 13 C-NMR were recorded in CDCl3 on a Bruker AVANCE DPX300/400/500 (300, 400 or 500 MHz) spectrometer using Me4Si as internal standard. The LR ESI was recorded on Q-TOF Ultima API (Micromass) at the Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Facility (BMSF), UNSW, Sydney (Australia). The diagnostic kits used for ALP, AST, ALT and bilirubin measurements were purchased from Diasys Diagnostic System GmbH, Germany. The Ultra-violet Visible Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation Kyoto, Japan) was used for recording absorbance. All the chemicals (thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), tris-cacodylate, DPPH etc.) used in MDA, SOD, CAT and DPPH assays were of analytical grade.
H-NMR and 13 C-NMR were recorded in CDCl3 on a Bruker AVANCE DPX300/400/500 (300, 400 or 500 MHz) spectrometer using Me4Si as internal standard. The LR ESI was recorded on Q-TOF Ultima API (Micromass) at the Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Facility (BMSF), UNSW, Sydney (Australia). The diagnostic kits used for ALP, AST, ALT and bilirubin measurements were purchased from Diasys Diagnostic System GmbH, Germany. The Ultra-violet Visible Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu Corporation Kyoto, Japan) was used for recording absorbance. All the chemicals (thiobarbituric acid (TBARS), tris-cacodylate, DPPH etc.) used in MDA, SOD, CAT and DPPH assays were of analytical grade.