Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (edta)

CA, cadmium chloride (CdCl₂), fetal bovine serum (FBS), Bradford reagent, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and cell culture media were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Company, St. Louis, USA. Antibodies for Western blotting were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology, Beverley, USA, Denver, USA, and Bio-Rad, Hercules, USA. (NH₄)₂SO₄, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, CCl₃COOH, 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid, 5,5-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid), 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Na₄P₂O₇, NaN₃, KH₂PO₄, N-ethylmaleimide, nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT), phenazinemethosulphate, reduced glutathione (GSH), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were bought from Sisco Research Laboratory, Mumbai, India. Solvents were bought from Merck, Mumbai, India. Kits for measurement of different biochemical parameters were purchased from Span diagnostic Ltd., Kolkata, India. ELISA kits were obtained from R&D Systems, Minneapolis, USA and Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Waltham, USA.

Curcumin and N-nitrosodiethylamine were purchased from Sigma Chemicals Co. (USA). Triton X, ethidium bromide, agarose (normal and low-melting), dimethylsulphoxide, Tris, EDTA, and all other chemicals were purchased from SISCO Research Laboratories, India. May Grünwald stain and Giemsa stain were procured from Merck Ltd. (India).

Cell culture media components such as DMEM, RPMI-1640 medium, Ham’s F12 K medium, penicillin, streptomycin, Hi-Sep Lymphocyte separation medium, HiKaryo XL RPMI medium, MTT, acridine orange, BSA, skimmed milk, prestained protein marker and tween 20 were purchased from HiMedia Laboratories, Mumbai, India. DMSO, trypan blue, Hoechst 33258, DCFH-DA, Rhodamine-123, Tris base, TRI reagent, Oligo(dT)-18 mer primers, Protease/phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail and KBr were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Fetal bovine serum, Dulbecco’s Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS), Trypsin–EDTA, Alexa Fluor 488 Annexin V/Dead Cell Apoptosis Kit, Fluo-3 AM, propidium iodide and Geltrex LDEV-Free Reduced Growth Factor Basement Membrane Matrix were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA. M-MuLV reverse transcriptase enzyme, RNase A, dNTP mix and agarose were purchased from Genei Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Bangalore, India. Triton X-100, EDTA, glycine, ethidium bromide, BCIP, NBT, silica gel for column chromatography (60–120 meshes), vanillin, sulphuric acid and solvents such as petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, methanol (all HPLC grade) were procured from Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai, India. Antibodies were procured from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc., USA and Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Primers sets were purchased from Eurofins Genomics India, Bangalore, India.