Gapdh monoclonal antibody

GVS-12 (C₂₀H₁₆F₃NO₃, MW: 375.346, purity ≥ 98%) was designed and synthesized by our team (Fig. 1A); LanthaScreen™ time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) PPARγ competitive binding assay was purchased from Thermo Fisher Co., Ltd. (Thermo Fisher, MA, USA); fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from PAA (Linz, Germany). TRIzol reagent was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Rosiglitazone (a PPARγ agonist) was obtained from Sigma Co., Ltd. (St. Louis, MO, USA). STAT3, p-STAT3, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and PPARγ antibodies were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK); GAPDH monoclonal antibody was purchased from KangChen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Abbkine (Redlands, USA). Other analytical reagent grade chemicals were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China).

SFAC (containing saponin constituents higher than 74.4%), escin Ia (C₅₅H₈₆O₂₄, MW: 1131.26, purity ≥ 98%), escin Ib (C₅₅H₈₆O₂₄, MW: 1131.26, purity ≥ 98%), escin IIa (C₅₄H₈₄O₂₃, MW: 1101.23, purity ≥ 98%), escin IIb (C₅₄H₈₄O₂₃, MW: 1101.23, purity ≥ 98%), escin IIIa (C₅₅H₈₆O₂₃, MW: 1115.26, purity ≥ 98%) and escin IIIb (C₅₅H₈₆O₂₃, MW: 1115.26, purity ≥ 98%) were obtained from Yinxing Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd. (Nanjing, China) (Figure 1); β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN) was obtained from Sa'en Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China); Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were obtained from R & D Systems (Minneapolis, USA); TRIzol and Lipofectamine 2000 reagents were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, USA); E-cadherin and LOXL2 antibodies were purchased from Genetex (Irvine, USA); HIF-1α and vimentin antibodies were purchased from BioWorld (Georgia, USA); α-SMA antibody was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK); GAPDH monoclonal antibody was purchased from KangChen Bio-tech (Shanghai, China); HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies were purchased from Abbkine (Redlands, USA); Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from PAA (Linz, Germany). Other analytical reagent grade chemicals were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (Nanjing, China).