3 µl of freshly prepared protein (10 µg/ml) was applied to a glow-discharged (15 mA, 1 min, easiGlow; PELCO), homemade,
carbon-coated copper grid (400 mesh; Electron Microscopy Sciences) and incubated for 60 s. The grid was washed four times with double-distilled H
2O, and excess water was removed by blotting after each step. The grid was dipped into 1.5% uranyl acetate stain for 1 s, then blotted and stained again for an additional 20 s. Excessive stain was removed by blotting, and the grid was air dried for 5 min. This protocol was adapted from Ohi et al. (2004) (
link).
The prepared grids were imaged in an FEI Tecnai T12 electron microscope operated at 120 kV acceleration voltage, equipped with a Tietz F416 camera (2,048 × 2,048 pixels). Micrographs were obtained at a magnification of 49,000 with Leginon (Suloway et al., 2005 (
link)), resulting in a pixel size of 3.44 Å/pixel. Particles were selected with DoG Picker (Voss et al., 2009 (
link)), included in the Appion (Lander et al., 2009 (
link); Voss et al., 2010 (
link)) processing package. Extracted particle images were subjected to iterative rounds of 2-D classification with RELION 2.1 (Scheres, 2012 (
link); Kimanius et al., 2016 (
link)).
Schmidpeter P.A., Gao X., Uphadyay V., Rheinberger J, & Nimigean C.M. (2018). Ligand binding and activation properties of the purified bacterial cyclic nucleotide–gated channel SthK. The Journal of General Physiology, 150(6), 821-834.