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Pendant g data logger

Manufactured by Hobo
Sourced in United States

The HOBO Pendant G data logger is a compact, lightweight device designed for recording environmental data. It measures and records temperature and acceleration, providing accurate measurements for various applications.

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16 protocols using pendant g data logger

1

Evaluating Cow Activity and Lying Behavior

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Accelerometers were installed on the hind leg of the primiparous lactating cows to evaluate their activity, indicating the number of hours they were lying (h/day) or standing (h/day), the number of daily lying bouts of cows (no. of bouts/day), and the duration of these lying bouts (min/day).
The adopted tools were HOBO Pendant G Data Loggers (Onset Computer Corporation, Pocasset, MA, United States) that were installed individually to record continuously the activity and, in particular, to record the leg orientation to detect the lying activity. This device recorded data at 1-min intervals for the whole monitoring period of each primiparous cow, which was 150 days. In total, the measurement lasted 1 year.
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2

Automated Tracking of Cow Lying Behavior

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Lying behavior patterns of 21 cows were automatically recorded for 342 days using HOBO Pendant G Data Loggers (Onset Computer Corporation, Pocasset, MA, USA). In the first week cows were equipped with an individual HOBO Data Logger, and their activities recorded continuously for 150 days. These devices measured leg orientation at 1-min intervals, and allowed all the standing and lying behavior data to be collected electronically [16 (link)]. The devices were installed to the lateral side of the right hind leg of each cow by using plastic tough leg bands in a position such that the x-axis of the data logger was perpendicular to the ground. The degree of vertical tilt of the x- and z-axis was used to determine the standing and lying behavior of the animal [16 (link)]. Data collected by the data loggers were used to calculate standing and lying times (h/d) for each cow and each day during trial monitoring. Due to the limited memory space of these devices, every three weeks the data where downloaded from the loggers during morning milking.
Data collection for this study was performed at a commercial farm, and all the monitoring actions and procedures did not affect the behavior of the cows, and did not change the comfort or welfare of the animals monitored. All the used sensors are widely used in dairy husbandry, since they are not invasive for cows.
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3

Calf Feeding and Behavior Monitoring

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All animals were weighed at birth, at the end of the 3-week experimental period, and at weaning. From the data we derived the following parameters: derived parameters: total weight gain (TWG) between days 0 and 21; average daily gain (ADG) between days 0 and 21; TWG between day 21 and weaning; ADG between day 21 and weaning; TWG between birth and weaning; ADG between birth and weaning.
The amount of milk consumed was measured daily in the ADLIB group. Possible clinical symptoms and treatments were recorded with the frequency required by the veterinary protocols on the farm.
For behavioural measurements HOBO Pendant G data loggers (Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, MA, USA) were attached to the left forelegs of the calves using an elastic bandage. This instrument measures acceleration on three axes (x, y, z), allowing to calculate how much time the animals spend lying and standing. The sampling period was set to 1 min (Bonk et al., 2013 (link)); the instrument was able to store the collected data for 20 days. The data were then downloaded and the instrument was re-attached to the same leg of the animal, resulting in an average of 40 days of data for each animal (derived data: total lying time between birth to day 40; lying time between birth and day 21, lying time between days 22 and 40).
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4

Monitoring Dairy Cow Activity and Respiration

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HOBO Pendant G Data Loggers (Onset Computer Corporation, Pocasset, MA, US) were positioned individually on the hind leg of 10 dairy cows of every farm to record continuously their activity and, in particular, to record the leg orientation and detect the lying (or standing) activity. This device recorded data at 1-min intervals for the whole period. Also, this instrument was installed three times a year in each of the eight farms and data were recorded continuously for about one week in every data collection period. The HOBO Pendant sensor was mounted on the leg by means of tape and a plastic tough leg band in order to have the sensor positioned with the x-axis of the data logger perpendicular to the floor. The degree of vertical tilt of the x- and z-axis was used to quantify the behavior of the animal and, in particular, the standing or lying behavior [29 (link)].
These data were then used to quantify the standing and lying time per day (h/d), the frequency of lying bouts (n bout/d) and the duration of the lying bouts (min/bout) per cow and per day. Moreover, the respiration rate of 10 lying down cows per farm per survey was measured for 1 min at the beginning and at the end of every survey period. This information was used to identify if a relation emerged between the number of breaths and heat stress.
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5

Monitoring Heifer Behavior Using Wearable Sensors

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On day 2, relative to enrollment, heifers were fitted with a collar containing an HR-LDn tag (SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel) placed in the proximal third of the neck, immediately behind the left ear. The HR-LDn tags are composed of a neck-mounted device consisting of an accelerometer sensor, a processing unit, and wireless communication functionality. Based on the continuous data sensed by the three-axis accelerometer, machine-learning algorithms determine heifer states. Merenda et al. (2019) (link) previously validated the use of HR-LDn tags in beef heifers. Information was processed, stored, and collected using DataFlow II (SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel). Time ruminating and activity within 2-h intervals were recorded and, from that, total daily rumination and activity were calculated. Lying time (min/day) and lying bouts (bouts/day) were measured using HOBO Pendant G data loggers (Onset, Bourne, MA). Data loggers were set to collect lying behavior at 30-s intervals (Ledgerwood et al., 2010 (link)) and were placed on the hind leg of the heifer on day 18 relative to enrollment. Lying times, lying bouts, and lying-bout duration were computed for each heifer using a macro in SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) developed by N. Chapinal (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, personal communication).
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6

Lying Behavior of Dairy Calves in Superhutches

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A total of 48 focal animals (25 1× calves and 23 2× calves) were used to evaluate superhutch lying behavior. Lying time, lying bouts, and lying-bout duration were measured using Hobo Pendant G data loggers (Onset Computer Corp., Bourne, MA). Data loggers were attached to 5 calves per replicate superhutch to collect lying behavior at 60-s intervals (Bonk et al., 2013) (link) and placed on the right hind leg of the calf at 3 d of age after entrance into the superhutch. The loggers were wrapped in a piece of SyrFlex (SyrVet Inc., Waukee, IA) cohesive bandage to provide cushion and attached to the lateral side of the leg using SyrFlex bandage. Data loggers were kept on the calf through weaning; each logger was attached for 15 d and removed, data were downloaded, and the logger reattached until the calf was weaned. The data were downloaded with Onset Hoboware software and exported to Excel (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA). Daily lying times, frequency of lying bouts, and lying-bout duration were computed for each calf using a macro in SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC) developed by N. Chapinal (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada).
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7

Monitoring Cow Lying Behavior with Data Loggers

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Lying behavior was monitored with data loggers (Hobo Pendant G Data Logger, Onset Computer Corp., Pocasset, MA) attached to the medial side of the hind leg of each cow with Vet Wrap (3M Corp., St-Paul, MN). Loggers were fixed in a position so that the x-axis was parallel to the ground, the y-axis was perpendicular to the ground pointing upward, and the z-axis was parallel to the ground pointing away from the sagittal plane (Ito et al., 2009; (link)Cyples et al., 2012) (link). The loggers recorded the g-force on the x-, y-, and z-axes at 1-min intervals from 48 h preinoculation until 80 h postinoculation, and the data were downloaded using Onset HOBOware software (Onset Computer Corp.), which converted the g-force readings into degrees of tilt. These data were exported into Excel (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, WA). Data were selected to keep lying/standing positions of the cows only when these activities were undisturbed by humans (Figure 1). This information was used to determine whether the cow was standing or lying. A macro was subsequently used to calculate the percentage of undisturbed time spent lying and the number of postural (standing/lying) changes per hour.
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8

Heifers' Daily Standing Behavior

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Total daily standing time, standing time per bout, and total number of standing bouts were obtained electronically (Ito et al., 2009) by attaching a Hobo Pendant G Data Logger (model UA-004-64, Onset Computer Corp., Bourne, MA) to the inside of the right-hind leg of each heifer using Vet Wrap (Co-Flex, Andover Coated Products Inc., Salisbury, MD). Data loggers were set to record information for 7 d before they were removed from each animal. Data were averaged over 7 d to establish a mean response over the 7-d recording period. This process was conducted during wk 6 and 13 of the trial; therefore, the pen mean for each response variable consisted of 2 evaluation periods × 7 d × number of heifers/pen (8, 10, or 12), which equates to 112, 140, or 168 individual daily observations/pen.
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9

Measuring Cattle Lying Behavior

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Lying and standing behavior were recorded with electronic data loggers (HOBO Pendant G Data Logger, Onset Computer Corp., Bourne, MA), which took measurements of leg orientation at 1-min intervals, as validated by Ledgerwood et al. (2010) (link). Data loggers were wrapped in veterinary bandage (VetRap; 3M Products, St. Paul, MN) and attached to the medial side of the lower hind leg, also using veterinary bandage. Cows were fitted with their first data logger before enrollment. Data loggers were removed 1×/wk to download data and to prevent prolonged exposure to rubbing on a particular leg. Before removing one data logger, a new data logger was fitted to the other hind leg of the cow in order to keep data continuous. Data collected were downloaded using Onset HOBOware Software (Onset Computer Corp.) and exported to Microsoft Excel (Microsoft, Redmond, WA). Excel macros were used to process and summarize lying data as total lying time, frequency of lying bouts, and average bout length (total lying time/frequency of bouts).
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10

Measuring Cattle Lying Behavior with 3D Accelerometer

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A three-dimension accelerometer (HOBO Pendant G data logger, Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, MA) was used to record body posture. The logger was attached to the right hind leg of the calves7 (link). Data was downloaded using Onset HOBOware Software (Onset Computer Corporation, Bourne, MA) and exported to Microsoft Excel. The data logger recorded the g force on the x, y, and z-axes on a scale of −1 to 1. The cut-off values used to categorize logger readings as a specific behaviour (lying vs. standing) were determined based on preliminary observation from video recordings. Information from the x-axis was used to evaluate lying down (g < 0.75) and standing (g ≥ 0.75) with a 30-s sampling interval, considering that lying down and standing bouts are short19 (link). The time spent lying down (lying time) and the frequency of lying down were calculated for 4-h recording intervals and presented as means plus standard error of the mean (SEM).
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