assay kit with enhanced selectivity (AAT Bioquest); disodium hydrogen
phosphate (ACS reagent, ≥99.0%, Sigma); calcium chloride dihydrate
(AR, 99%, Bioss antibodies); sodium pyrophosphate (PPi) (AR, 99%,
Aladdin); hydrochloric acid (AR, 36.0–38.0%, Sinopharm Chemical
Reagent); sodium hydroxide (AR, 99%, Aladdin); ethylene glycol (AR,
98%, RHAWN); potassium bromide anhydrous (AR, 99%, Aladdin); newborn
calf serum (AusgeneX, Australia); and Alizarin red S solution (0.2%,
Solarbio) were used.
A pH meter (PXSJ-216F, Leici, China); SpectraMaxiD5
(Molecular Devices); collective heat magnetic stirrer (DF-101S, VRERA,
China); microporous filter (0.45 μM, Millipore); Fourier transform
infrared spectrometer (FTIR) (Shimadzu Corporation, Tokyo, Japan);
mini-pellet press (GS01150, UHUA TECHNOLOGY, China); Mikro-Spritzenpumpen
(LINZ-9B, Leien, China); transmission electron microscope (TEM, JEOLJEM-2100,
Japan) eqipped with selected area electron diffraction (SAED); and
turbidimeter (LH-Z10A, LOHAND, China) were used.