Softwood kraft lignin was generated via LignoForceTM technology at FPInnovations’ Thunder Bay (ON) facility53 (link). 2-[(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride (DMC) (80% in water), potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) (analytical grades) and kaolin were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich. Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) with the molecular weight (Mw) of 100,000–200,000 g/mol was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Potassium polyvinyl sulfate (PVSK) with a Mw of 100,000–200,000 g/mol (97.7% esterified) was purchased from Wako Pure Chem. Ltd. Japan. All chemicals were applied without further purification. Moreover, ethanol (95 vol. %) was received from Fisher Scientific company. Silicon oil and tetrafluoroethylene were received from formulation and used as standard chemicals for transmission and backscattering detectors of a vertical scan analyzer, respectively.
Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride pdadmac
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) is a water-soluble polymer that functions as a cationic polyelectrolyte. It is commonly used as a flocculant, dispersant, and rheology modifier in various industrial and laboratory applications.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Avantor (2 mentions)
Potassium persulfate k2s2o8, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethanol, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Kaolin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tris hydroxymethyl aminomethane ch2oh 3cnh2, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Milli q system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Avantor (1 mentions)
Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Avantor (1 mentions)
Chitosan, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Milli q purification system, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dextran sulfate sodium salt, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lauroyl chloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Avance drx300 spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Polysodium 4 styrenesulphonate pss, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Acrylamide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium persulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Potassium poly vinyl sulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Milli q, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Gold 3 chloride trihydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
11 protocols using polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride pdadmac
1
Softwood Kraft Lignin Modification Protocol
2
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Copolymers
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Random copolymers of acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate (PAMAMPS) with chemical charge densities of 15% and 100% were synthesized by free radical copolymerization. The physico-chemical properties of these copolymers (molar masses, polydispersity indexes and chemical charge density distributions) were determined as described in a previous work [52 (link)]. Poly-l -Lysine (PLL) with different degrees of polymerization (DP+ = 20, 50, 100, 250 corresponding to Mw = 3300, 8200, 16,000, 41,000 g/mol molar masses respectively and polydispersity indexes between 1.0 and 1.2) were supplied by Alamanda Polymers (Huntsville, AL, USA). Poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), Mw = 400–500 kDa, was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St Quentin Fallavier, France). Tris hydroxymethylaminomethane (CH2OH)3CNH2, 99.9% was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Hydrochloric acid 37%, sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride were purchased from VWR (Leuven, Belgium). Deionized water was further purified using a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Molsheim, France). All chemical were used without any further purification.
3
Synthesis and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules
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Most of the starting materials were purchased from Sigma Aldrich or POCH and used as received. 3,3′-iminobis(N,N-dimethylpropylamine) and lauroyl chloride were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, WI), hydrochloric acid was purchased from POCH (Gliwice, Poland). Other reagents and solvents were of commercial grade and were not additionally purified before use. Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra were recorded for solutions of samples in CDCl3 using a Bruker Avance DRX300 spectrometer (Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany). Silicone oil (SO, from Stearinerie Dubois Fils, France) was used as the oil phase. Poloxamer 403 (polymer) was obtained from BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). Polyelectrolytes: Chitosan (medium molecular weight), dextran sulfate sodium salt (Mw ~40 000), poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDADMAC, Mw ~100 000–200 000, 20% in water), and polysodium 4-styrenesulphonate (PSS, Mw = 70 000) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Water used for all experiments was doubly distilled and purified by means of a Millipore (Bedford, MA) Milli-Q purification system.
4
Softwood Kraft Lignin-Based Polymer Preparation
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Softwood kraft lignin (SKL) was produced from black liquor from kraft pulping through an acid precipitation process [11 (link)]. Methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC), acrylic acid (AA), and acrylamide (AM) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (Shanghai, China). Potassium persulfate was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich and used as initiator reagent without further purification. Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC) and potassium polyvinyl sulfate (PVSK) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and diluted to 0.001 M prior to use. The alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP) used in this experiment was obtained from Shandong Sun Paper Industry (Yanzhou, Chian). The APMP pulp properties including chemical components were analyzed according to TAPPI standards (TAPPI 1996) and are listed in Table 1 .
5
Synthesis and Characterization of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
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Gold (III) chloride trihydrate and sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate (purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA) were used to synthesize gold nanoparticles. Poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, USA) was exploited as a surface modifying agent. Silver (Carlo Erba, Lombardia, Italy) was used for synthesis of silver nanoparticle. Sodium borohydride and Poly(4-Styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (COPSS) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and were exploited as reducing agent and stabilizing agent, respectively. A standard stock mercury (II) solution (100 mg L−1) was prepared by dissolving 0.0100 g of mercury (II) chloride powder (Sigma-Aldrich) in 100.0 mL of water. The working standards solution were prepared by appropriate dilution of the stock solution. Deionized-distilled water (18 MΩ cm−1) ((Milli-Q®, Millipore system) was used throughout. All glassware used were immersed in 10% nitric acid for overnight and rinsed with deionized, distilled water. Nitric acid and sodium hydroxide (Carlo Erba) were used to adjust pH.
6
Synthesis and Characterization of Modified PVA Polymers
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Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, average Mw = 85,000–124,000 g·mol−1, degree of hydrolysis = 99%) was purchased from Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI, USA), poly (diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC. (St. Louis, MO, USA) and poly(vinyl alcohol-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid) (AP-2, average Mw = 70,000 g·mol−1, degree of hydrolysis = 99.5%) was obtained from KURARAY Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). AP-2 is a modified PVA that contains 2 mol% of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid groups as a copolymer, and, hence, provides cation-exchange sites. Commercial IEMs, Neosepta® CMX and AMX were obtained from the ASTOM Corporation (Tokyo, Japan). Unless otherwise specified, special solvents and reagents purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Japan Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), Nacalai Tesque, Inc. (Kyoto, Japan) and Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan) were used as they were. Figure 2 shows the Chemical structure of PVA, AP-2, and PDADMAC polymers used in this study.
7
Cellulose-Based Wastewater Treatment
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Commercial grade defibrillated cellulose with micro- and nanosized fibrils (Exilva, 10.1% (w/w)) was supplied by Borregaard AB (Sarpsborg, Norway). Alginic acid sodium salt (SA), calcium chloride, sodium bromide, cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate, ethanol (EtOH 95%), and Methylene Blue (MB) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (PDADMAC, 20% in H2O) was used as received from Sigma-Aldrich. Sodium hypochlorite and hydrochloric acid were purchased from VWR. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO) was purchased from TCI. All chemicals were used as received. Samples from Vormbäcken in Sweden, a water recipient of mining operation effluents, were kindly provided by Boliden.
8
Softwood Kraft Lignin Characterization
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Softwood kraft lignin sample with a molecular weight (Mw) of 17 890 g mol−1 was received from FPInnovations' pilot plant facilities in Thunder Bay, ON. The kraft lignin was produced via LignoForce™ technology.20 Polydiallyldimethyl-ammonium chloride (PDADMAC, 100 000–200 000 g mol−1), acrylic acid (AA), potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) (analytical grades), sodium hydroxide (97%, reagent grade), hydrochloric acid (37%, reagent grade), potassium hydroxide (8 mol L−1 solution), potassium permanganate (analytical grades), ferrous ammonium sulfate (analytical grades), 0.1 mol L−1 hydrochloric acid, D2O, trimethylsilyl propanoic acid (TMSP), dimethyl sulphate and para-hydroxybenzoic acid (analytical grades) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Company, and used as received. Dialysis membrane (cut off of 1000 g mol−1) was obtained from Spectrum Labs.
9
Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer Particles
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Divinylbezene (DVB) and styrene (S) were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany) and Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), respectively. Surfactant, sorbitant monolate (Span 80), dodecylben-zolsolfonic acid, sodium salt (DDBSS), were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich chemical (Missouri, USA) and cetyltrimethylammoium bromide (CTAB) was supplied from Fluka Chemie (Buchs, Switzerland). The initiator and stabilizer were potassium persulphate (K2S2O8, purity ≥ 98% (RT), Fluka Chemie, Buchs, Switzerland) and calcium chloride (CaCl2, purity ≥ 97% (KT), Fluka Chemie, Buchs, Switzerland). Toluene (T) was supplied by RCI Lab scan (Bangkok, Thailand). Polystyrenesulfonate (PSS, sodium salt, MW 70,000), poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC, MW 350,000), polyethyleneimine (PEI, MW 2000), and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA, MW 198) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Missouri, USA). All the chemicals were used as received.
10
Cellulose Acetate-Based Colorimetric Sensor
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Cellulose acetate (CA, Mn = 30.000 by GCP, acetyl content: 39.8 wt%), acetic acid (AcOH ≥ 99.8%), bromocresol green (BCG), bromothymol blue (BTB), thymol blue (TB), and poly-diallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDADMAC, Mw: 200.000–350.000) were all purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Germany. For all experiments, ultra-pure water was used, prepared from a Millipore water purification system (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, DE; resistivity = 18.2 MX cm). All buffer solutions (pH = 4,7,10) were purchased from Reagecon Diagnostics Ltd., Ireland.
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