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Botox a

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BOTOX-A is a purified protein derived from the Clostridium botulinum bacterium. It is used as a pharmaceutical product for therapeutic and cosmetic applications.

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Botox (75 citations)

5 protocols using botox a

1

Botulinum Injection for Macular Degeneration

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Example 2

The results of this example are shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. Elderly female with well-documented non-exudative macular degeneration in each eye and about 20/40 vision in each right and left eye receives botulinum injection comprising about a total of 100 unit to head, per-orbital region and an area into the pterygopalatine fossa targeting the autonomic and sensory ganglionic structures in this region. The patient notices slow improvement in contrast sensitivity and clarity of vision, which lasted about three months. She desired another injection with the type A botulinum toxin (BOTOX-A®, Allergan) in order to maintain vision. On ophthalmologic exam no other reasons for the subjective improvement in vision could be established on pre-injection and post injection examinations.

Optical coherence tomography indicates flattening and regression of drusen bodies as well as increased surface regularity of the retinal pigment epithelium (FIG. 10). Findings were concomitant with subjective visual improvement.

Without wishing to be bound by theory it is believed that the injections in peri orbital nervous structures allowed for axoplasmic transport into the eye improving functioning of the retinal pigment epithelium function and possibly structure allowing improved vision.

US11096993B2. Method of treating macular degeneration using botulinum toxin-based pharmaceuticals (2021-08-24). None [US]. Inventors: Gary E. Borodic [US].
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2

Constraint-Induced Therapy in Stroke Rats

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To mimic constraint-induced therapy in the rats and enforce the use of the stroke-impaired arm, groups of injured and sham rats received injections of botulinum toxin type A (Botox A) (Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA, USA), from this point on referred to as Botox. In one group (forearm), animals received injections in the unaffected (left) forelimb one day after the induction of stroke. In this group, a total of 4 muscles (2 in the biceps and 2 in the flexor carpi ulnaris) were each injected with 2 doses in a four-hour interval of 1.25U Botox in 0.05 mL saline. In another group (FLX), animals received similar injections, but only to the left flexor carpi ulnaris.
The effect of Botox or stroke on the muscle strength of the forepaw of the affected or contralateral forepaw was determined via a digital force meter (Chatilon DFE series, MedQuip, Inc., Largo, FL, USA) with a T-bar attachment [17 (link)]. Each rat was gently pulled away parallelly from the bar by the tail until it released the bar and the maximum force prior to release of the paw from the bar was recorded. The peak tensile strength (pound per force) from left or right front paw was averaged from 3 consecutive trials prior to and weekly after Botox injection.
Zhang H., Liu J., Bingham D., Orr A., Kawabori M., Kim J.Y., Zheng Z., Lam T.I., Massa S.M., Swanson R.A, & Yenari M.A. (2023). Use of Botulinum Toxin for Limb Immobilization for Rehabilitation in Rats with Experimental Stroke. Biomolecules, 13(3), 512.
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3

Botulinum Toxin for Macular Degeneration

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Example 2

The results of this example are shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. Elderly female with well-documented non-exudative macular degeneration in each eye and about 20/40 vision in each right and left eye receives botulinum injection comprising about a total of 100 unit to head, per-orbital region and an area into the pterygopalatine fossa targeting the autonomic and sensory ganglionic structures in this region. The patient notices slow improvement in contrast sensitivity and clarity of vision, which lasted about three months. She desired another injection with the type A botulinum toxin (BOTOX-A®, Allergan) in order to maintain vision. On ophthalmologic exam no other reasons for the subjective improvement in vision could be established on pre-injection and post injection examinations.

Optical coherence tomography indicates flattening and regression of drusen bodies as well as increased surface regularity of the retinal pigment epithelium (FIG. 10). Findings were concomitant with subjective visual improvement.

Without wishing to be bound by theory it is believed that the injections in peri orbital nervous structures allowed for axoplasmic transport into the eye improving functioning of the retinal pigment epithelium function and possibly structure allowing improved vision.

US11123412B2. Method of treating macular degeneration using botulinum toxin-based pharmaceuticals (2021-09-21). None [US]. Inventors: Gary E. Borodic [US].
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4

Chronic Muscle Paralysis in Mice

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Isoflurane anaesthetized mice were injected unilaterally in the gastrocnemic muscle of the right hind limb with Botulinum Toxin A (dose of 0.01U/g mouse in 0.9% saline; BotoxA, Allergan, Westport, Ireland) administered via two injection sites in the muscle, with a total volume of 100ul. To create a chronic paralysis paradigm, these mice were administered with a second BotoxA dose (0.25U in 0.9% saline) 7 days later. Mice were then euthanized 7 days later (14 days after the initial BotoxA treatment; see Table 2 below).
Moloney E.B., Hobo B., De Winter F, & Verhaagen J. (2017). Expression of a Mutant SEMA3A Protein with Diminished Signalling Capacity Does Not Alter ALS-Related Motor Decline, or Confer Changes in NMJ Plasticity after BotoxA-Induced Paralysis of Male Gastrocnemic Muscle. PLoS ONE, 12(1), e0170314.
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5

Botulinum Toxin for Macular Degeneration

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Example 2

The results of this example are shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B. Elderly female with well-documented non-exudative macular degeneration in each eye and about 20/40 vision in each right and left eye receives botulinum injection comprising about a total of 100 unit to head, per-orbital region and an area into the pterygopalatine fossa targeting the autonomic and sensory ganglionic structures in this region. The patient notices slow improvement in contrast sensitivity and clarity of vision, which lasted about three months. She desired another injection with the type A botulinum toxin (BOTOX-A®, Allergan) in order to maintain vision. On ophthalmologic exam no other reasons for the subjective improvement in vision could be established on pre-injection and post injection examinations.

Optical coherence tomography indicates flattening and regression of drusen bodies as well as increased surface regularity of the retinal pigment epithelium (FIG. 10). Findings were concomitant with subjective visual improvement.

Without wishing to be bound by theory it is believed that the injections in peri orbital nervous structures allowed for axoplasmic transport into the eye improving functioning of the retinal pigment epithelium function and possibly structure allowing improved vision.

US11123411B2. Method of treating macular degeneration using botulinum toxin-based pharmaceuticals (2021-09-21). None [US]. Inventors: Gary E. Borodic [US].
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