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Spss statistical analysis software for windows

Manufactured by IBM
Sourced in United States

SPSS Statistical Analysis Software for Windows is a comprehensive software package designed for statistical analysis. It provides a range of statistical tools and techniques to help users analyze and interpret data. The software includes features for data management, exploratory analysis, modeling, and reporting.

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Lab products found in correlation

6 protocols using spss statistical analysis software for windows

1

Statistical Analysis of Research Variables

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Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or as individual values. The distribution of each variable was examined for the assumption of normality using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Correlations were determined using Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient (r). The magnitudes of the correlation coefficients were stratified into groups comprising trivial (r < 0.1), small (0.1 < r < 0.3), moderate (0.3 < r < 0.5), large (0.5 < r < 0.7), very large (0.7 < r < 0.9), nearly perfect (r > 0.9), and perfect (r = 1.0) [28 (link),29 ]. The entire statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Statistical Analysis Software for Windows® (SPSS, version 25, Chicago, IL, USA).
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2

Reliability Analysis of Reception Tests

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Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or as individual values. Repeatability analysis was performed on a subset of 40 samples randomly chosen and assessed at two different time points by two raters (coaches). Mean estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported for intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Interpretation was as follows: <0.50 poor; from 0.50 to 0.75 fair; from 0.75 to 0.90 good; and above 0.90 excellent. The ICC for inter-rater reliability between coaches was from good to excellent at 0.91 (0.78–0.96).
To test for rank order relationship in quality of reception between different reception tests and number of receptions in SSGs, we determined correlations using Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient (rs). The magnitudes of the correlation coefficients were stratified into groups as follows: trivial (r < 0.1), small (0.1 < r < 0.3), moderate (0.3 < r < 0.5), large (0.5 < r < 0.7), very large (0.7 < r < 0.9), nearly perfect (r > 0.9), and perfect (r = 1.0) [26 (link),27 ]. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistical Analysis Software for Windows® (SPSS, version 25, Chicago, IL, USA).
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3

Validity of Football Skills Assessments

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Players’ average scores for each test were used for further analysis. The data were expressed as mean ± standard derivation (SD), and we also reported Cohen’s d effect size for sex differences in both technical tests. An effect size of 0.2 was considered small, 0.5 medium, and 0.8 large [27 ]. The difference between sexes was analysed by independent sample T-test with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. A Pearson’s correlation was used for all participants and per sex to investigate correlations between the scores of the ball reception and long passes. Threshold values for the correlation coefficients’ interpretation as an effect size were 0.1–0.3 (trivial), 0.3–0.5 (moderate), 0.5–0.7 (large), and 0.7–0.9 (very large; Hopkins et al., 2009).
A repeatability analysis was performed on a subset of 50 randomly chosen samples and assessed at two different points in time by two coaches to evaluate the accuracy of the judgements of the test ratings. Mean estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported for an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Interpretation was as follows: <0.50 poor; from 0.50 to 0.75 fair; from 0.75 to 0.90 good; and above 0.90 excellent. The ICC for inter-rater reliability between coaches was good to excellent at 0.90. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS Statistical Analysis Software for Windows® (SPSS, version 25, Chicago, IL, USA).
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4

Biomarkers for Organ Function Assessment

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Using the measurement values and reference ranges, we obtained the organ function index, blood lipid index, stress index, and HTI as described in the “Evaluation indicators and evaluation model” section. The indices were described in terms of quartile values because some of the indices had a non-normal distribution. The Mann–Whitney U-test was used to analyse the differences among different groups.
A Normal P-P Plot of the HTI was constructed to determine whether the HTI showed a normal distribution in a healthy population.
Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS statistical analysis software for Windows (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). A difference was considered statistically significant when the P-value was less than 0.05 (two-tailed test).
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5

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Clinical Outcomes

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Continuous variables are expressed as means ± standard deviations. Categorical variables (e.g., smoking status) are expressed as number of participants and percentage. All patients were divided into three groups in accordance with the tercile values of the absolute NLR. According to the absolute NLR values, the patients were classified as T1 (n = 47, NLR 1.35 ± 0.05), T2 (n = 47, NLR 2.16 ± 0.04), and T3 (n = 47, NLR 4.29 ± 0.73) (Fig. 1). Significant differences among the three NLR groups were examined using the chi-squared test for categorical data and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for nonparametric data. Multivariate linear regression models were analyzed to elucidate the associations between NLR and other clinical parameters. The results of multivariate linear regression models were presented as β coefficient estimate and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We investigated whether a high NLR was related to the composite endpoints by applying the Cox proportional hazards model when defining a lowest NLR group (T1) as a reference. The results of the Cox proportional hazard models were presented as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. Statistical significance was defined as p value < 0.05. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical analysis software for Windows (version 22.0; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).
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6

Evaluating Neurological and Metabolic Factors

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All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS statistical analysis software for Windows (version 21; SPSS Inc). Mann‐Whitney U and Spearman correlation tests were used for the evaluation of clinical and biochemical parameters. Univariate analysis of variance (GLM, Univariate; IBM) was used to construct the model for explaining the variations observed in NFL, tau, HOMA‐IR, and insulin. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and smoking status were included as covariates.
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