Antibody against mt

Cardiac tissue was homogenized with RIPA lysis buffer to prepare the lysate. Protein samples were subjected to SDS‐PAGE and then transferred to PVDF membranes (Bio‐Rad, Hercules, CA). After blocking with 5% BSA (Bovine serum albumin), the membrane was incubated with the antibody. The primary antibodies used include Fibronectin (FN), TGF‐β, ICAM‐1, VCAM‐1, IL‐1β, all of which were purchased from Abcam, Cambridge, MA. Phospho (p)‐t‐Akt, total (t‐)Akt, p‐Akt1, Akt1, p‐Akt2, Akt2, p‐GSK‐3β, GSK‐3β, p‐GS, GS, p‐AS160, AS160, p‐ERK1/2, ERK1/2, hexokinase II (HK II), all of which were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Beverly, MA. COL1A1, β‐Actin, all of which were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotech. Inc 3‐NT was purchased from Millipore. 4‐HNE was purchased from Alpha Diagnostic. Inc p‐PFKFB2, PFKFB2 and glycogen phosphorylase (GP) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA. Antibody against MT was purchased from DakoCytomation, Santa Clara, CA. The ratios of total protein of Akt2, t‐Akt, Akt1, GSK‐3β, GS, AS160, PFKFB2 and ERK1/2 to β‐Actin are in the supplementary figures.