Atr ftir spectrophotometer

ATR-FTIR spectra study was carried out for the formulated transdermal patches in the frequencies ranges from 4000 to 650 cm⁻¹ with spectral resolutions of 4 cm⁻¹. The software used for assigning the peaks was Perkin Elmer Spectrum Version 6.0.2 (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). the skin after completion of ex vivo permeation studies was collected from Franz diffusion cell apparatus, and then it was washed with solution of phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The skin was further blotted with soft tissue and was kept onto internal reflection element of ATR-FTIR spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). Normalization of skin was carried out for minimizing inter-samples variations and the force gauge of 80 N was applied to all formulations.

The analysis of the functional groups in the purified EPS-C15 was carried out by using an attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR) spectrophotometer (Perkin-Elmer Inc., Norwalk, CT, USA) in the spectrum range of 4000–400 cm⁻¹ at room temperature. In addition, a diamond/ZnSe crystal plate was employed, and EPS-C15 powder was positioned on the plate.

The CPS infrared spectra were obtained by an Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR-FTIR) spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) with a resolution of 4 cm⁻¹ and scanning a wavelength from 400 to 4000 cm⁻¹, and data were resolved using the Omnic 7.2 Software.
The CPS UV–vis analysis was carried out via a spectrophotometer (UV-2501PC; Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan), and purified water was used as reference.
The DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) was performed using a PerkinElmer Pyris Diamond DSC differential scanning calorimeter (PerkinElmer; Waltham, MA, USA). Approximately 13 mg of the CPS was used for the analysis. The temperature range was 25–300 °C at a fixed heating rate of 10 °C/min.