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19 protocols using luperox tbh70x

1

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of ZnO-NPs on hASCs

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The MTT assay [36 (link),37 (link)] was performed to assess hASCs’ viability and possible cytotoxic effects immediately after removing the ZnO-NP-containing medium and after seven, 14, 21 and 28 days of culture. Untreated hASCs served as negative controls. Human ASCs treated with 200 µM tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP; Luperox® TBH70X; Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) served as positive controls. The cells were seeded in 96-well plates at a density of 1 × 104 hASCs per well. Eight wells were seeded for each of the six patients at each time point. All of the plates were incubated with 100 µl of MTT solution (1 mg/ml) at 37 °C with 5% CO2 for 4 h. Subsequently, the MTT solution was replaced by 100 µl isopropanol for 1 h. The color conversion was measured using a multiplate reader (Titertek Multiskan PLUS MK II, Labsystems, Helsinki, Finland) at a wavelength of 570 nm. The mean extinction values were averaged from 8 wells per patient and normalized to the respective values of the unexposed ASCs of the same patient. The value of unexposed ASCs was equalized to a viability of 100% per patient. Viability of exposed cells and positive control was indicated as a percentage of the viability of the unexposed controls.
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2

Cell Death Pathway Analysis

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Temozolomide (TMZ), staurosporine (STS), etoposide, Ru360, Proteinase K and Luperox® TBH70X, tert-Butyl hydroperoxide solution were purchased from Sigma. Antibodies for EDNRB, GAPDH and HRP-goat anti-rabbit antibody were from Abcam. COXIV antibody was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Caspase 9 antibody was supplied from Cell Signaling Technology. Alexa Fluor 488 antibody was from Molecular Probes (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
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3

Maintenance and Manipulation of Cell Lines

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HeLa, COS7, and HEK293 cells were obtained from ATCC and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 5 mM glutamine, 100 units/ml penicillin/streptomycin, and 10% fetal bovine serum (Life Technologies). Plasmid DNA transfections were performed with jetPEI (Polyplus) and siRNA transfections with Lipofectamine RNAiMAX (Life Technologies). HEK293 stable cell lines were selected with 1 mg/ml G418 (Sigma) following transfection with pcDNA3.1-COQ7 or pcDNA3.1-COQ7(R28A), before monoclonal isolation and expansion. Hydrogen peroxide (Sigma), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (Luperox TBH70X, Sigma), and cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate (Sigma) were diluted in water before use; HTRA2 inhibitor, UCF-101 (Calbiochem) was resuspended in DMSO.
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4

Exploring APOE Allelic Variants in AD

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Skin fibroblasts were generated from 6 AD patients with different allelic combinations of APOE (one also presenting a the G206D mutation in PSEN1) and six age-matched healthy controls (Table 1). The patients and control subjects were recruited and signed informed consent, previously accepted by the Human Research Ethics Committees Ethics of Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and CIBERNED (Instituto de Salud Carlos III). All samples were sequenced at the laboratory of Dr. Joan Comella at the Hospital Vall d’Hebron (Lonza, Barcelona, Spain), according to the protocol established by Calero et al. (2009) (link). Fibroblasts were maintained in DMEM (Lonza, Barcelona, Spain) with 10% FBS (Life Technologies, Alcobendas, Spain), 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Lonza, Barcelona, Spain), and 0.1% amphotericin B (Invitrogen, Madrid, Spain). In oxidative stress induction experiments, fibroblasts were treated with tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP, Luperox® TBH70X, Sigma Aldrich, Madrid, Spain) at different concentrations. Experiments were conducted in all fibroblasts in parallel.
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5

Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide Protocol

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Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide solution (Sigma-Aldrich, Luperox TBH70X, 458139) was purchased. All other chemicals were of reagent grade.
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6

Cytotoxicity Assay with XTT

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L-Ascorbic acid, reagent grade, crystalline catalogue number A7506-25G, Luperox® TBH70X, tert-Butyl hydroperoxide solution catalogue number 458139, bisBenzimide H 33342 trihydrochloride catalogue number B2261, and Red Oil-O catalogue number O0625 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without additional purification. An XTT (2,3-Bis-(2-Methoxy-4-Nitro-5-Sulfophenyl)-2H-Tetrazolium-5-Carboxanilide) proliferation kit with catalogue number 20-300-1000 was purchased from Biological Industries.
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7

MTT Assay for hASC Cytotoxicity

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The MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay [36 (link)] was used to detect possible cytotoxic effects and effects of VSOPs-labelling on the proliferation of hASCs. Unlabelled hASCs served as negative controls. Human ASCs treated with 0.1 mM tert-butylhydroperoxide (t-BHP; Luperox® TBH70X; Sigma-Aldrich), which induces cell apoptosis [37 (link)], were used as positive controls. For each patient, 8 wells were seeded at each time point and used to calculate mean extinction values. The analyses were performed 24 h after the labelling procedure and after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. After removal of the medium from each well, 100 µL MTT were added. After an incubation step at 37 °C in a 5% CO2 atmosphere for 4 h and removal of the MTT solution, 100 µl isopropanol were added. Thirty minutes later, the color conversion at 570 nm was determined with a Titertek Multiscan PLUS (MKII) multiplate reader (Pforzheim, Germany). The mean extinction values were calculated from 8 wells per patient. The values of the unlabelled hASCs were adjusted to a viability of 100% (viability of untreated ASCs). Viability of the labelled hASCs and the positive controls was presented as a percentage of the viability of the unlabelled hASCs.
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8

Protein Extraction and Quantification

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Igepal CA-630, BSA, EDTA, PMSF, iodoacetamide, bicinchoninic acid, tert-Butyl hydroperoxide solution (Luperox® TBH70X), 2′5′-Dideoxyadenosine (DDA), the AKT activator SC79 and the NOX inhibitor Diphenylepodium (DPI) were from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). The phosphatase inhibitor mix and the synthetic αMSH analogue [Nle4, D-Phe7] αMSH (NDP-MSH) were from Calbiochem (Darmstadt, Germany). The AKT1/2/3 inhibitor MK-2206, the PI3K inhibitor LY294002 and the NOX1/4 inhibitor GKT137831 were from Apexbio Technology LLC (Houston, USA). Reagents used for SDS-PAGE and Western blot were from Bio-Rad (Richmond, CA, USA). Other reagents were from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany).
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9

Oxidative Stress Tolerance in Borrelia

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Strains were grown in pyruvate-free BSK-II medium under microaerobic conditions at 34°C to a cell density of 2 x107 cells/ml and cells were exposed to the different concentrations of tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (Luperox® TBH70X, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) for 3 h in pyruvate-free BSK-II. Samples were plated in BSK-II and incubated at 34°C under microaerobic conditions for 7–14 d to allow enumeration of CFU. When indicated, Spermidine (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was added to the BSK-II.
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10

Maintenance and Manipulation of Cell Lines

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HeLa, COS7, and HEK293 cells were obtained from ATCC and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 5 mM glutamine, 100 units/ml penicillin/streptomycin, and 10% fetal bovine serum (Life Technologies). Plasmid DNA transfections were performed with jetPEI (Polyplus) and siRNA transfections with Lipofectamine RNAiMAX (Life Technologies). HEK293 stable cell lines were selected with 1 mg/ml G418 (Sigma) following transfection with pcDNA3.1-COQ7 or pcDNA3.1-COQ7(R28A), before monoclonal isolation and expansion. Hydrogen peroxide (Sigma), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (Luperox TBH70X, Sigma), and cobalt (II) chloride hexahydrate (Sigma) were diluted in water before use; HTRA2 inhibitor, UCF-101 (Calbiochem) was resuspended in DMSO.
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