Recombinant human ifn α

The A375 human melanoma cell line was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC Manassas, Virginia). The WM1366 and MeWo cell lines were obtained from Dr. Saldano Ferrone (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA). Ixazomib (MLN2238) and bortezomib (Velcade, PS-341) were obtained from Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Cambridge, MA). Recombinant human IFN-α was obtained from Schering-Plough, Inc. (Kenilworth, NJ).

Huh-7.5 cells were obtained from Charles M. Rice (Rockefeller University, New York). The Huh-7.5 cell line was maintained in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 2 mM L-glutamine, sodium pyruvate, nonessential amino acids, 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, and 10% fetal bovine serum. Huh-7.5 cells were infected with JFH1-GFP chimera HCV using a protocol developed in our laboratory as previously described^{31 (link)}. Recombinant human IFN-α was purchased from Schering Plough, Kenilworth, NJ. Sofosbuvir was obtained from Acme Biosciences, Inc. (Palo Alto, CA) and ledipasvir was obtained from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX). Thapsigargin (TG), tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), PERK inhibitor (GSK 2606414), α-tocopherol, and roscovitine were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, CA). Antibody to pNrf2 was purchased from Abcam. Antibodies to GRP78 (BiP), PERK, eIF2α, peIF2α, CHOP, IRE1, GFP and Rb were obtained from Cell Signaling (Beverly, MA). Antibody to NS3 was purchased from Virogen Inc. Antibodies to HCV core and pIRE1 were purchased from Thermo Scientific. Antibody to GRP94, GADD34, pPERK, ATF4, XBP1, ATF6, Mdm2, β-actin and GAPDH were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA).