Jsm 6380

Information about the surface morphology and topography of the used fungal biomass and its extracellular melanin particles, as well as their surface chemical composition, were established [44 ] by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) on JSM6380, JEOL, Japan. The samples were covered with a thin layer of gold to avoid charging during imaging.
The basic functional groups, and surface chemistry of the fungal biomass, and melanin were scrutinized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), in which the spectral analysis was run at Thermo-Fisher Nicolet IS10, USA Spectrophotometer at a resolution of four cm⁻¹ in the wavenumber ranges of 500–4000 cm⁻¹ in transmission approach to identify the influence of the functional groups in the adsorption of Cr(VI) ions on the surface of fungi and melanin. In this route, 20 mL of 1000 mg/L of Cr(VI) solution was mixed with 0.1 g of each solid melanin and fungi biomass at 45 °C. Centrifugation at 200 rpm of the solution was achieved after incubation for 24 h to separate the melanin particles and powdered fungi. The separated pellets were washed with ethanol and dried in air. The solid melanin and fungi biomass were immersed in distilled water, separated following the matching aforementioned conditions, and used as a control.

After fixation in 70 % ethanol, plants were transferred to 80 % ethanol for 15 min, 96 % ethanol for 15 min, ethanol:acetone (1:1) for 1 h and then acetone 3 times for 30 min. Imaging was carried out using two electron microscopes, CamScan 4S (CamScan, Cambridge, UK) and JSM-6380 (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan), with an acceleration voltage of 15–20 kV. SEM images were treated and colored using Adobe Photoshop.

Adults of Scydosellamusawasensis Hall, 1999 were collected in Chicaque National Park, Colombia, 10 km west of Bogotá, on 8 February 2015 (coordinates 4.619, -74.312), 2200 m above sea level, on the fungus Steccherinum sp. (Meruliaceae), 85 specimens. The material was fixed in FAA

(formaldehyde—alcohol—acetic acid)

and preserved in 70% ethanol. It was subsequently examined under a Jeol JSM-6380

scanning electron microscope

(SEM) after drying of the specimens at the critical point (Hitachi HCP-2) and sputter coating with gold (Giko JSM-6380). The measurements were made using the program Meazure (C Thing Software) from digital micrographs obtained under SEM.