Human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells were obtained from the Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea) and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium with 10% fetal bovine serum in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 at 37°C. Cells were plated at a density of 3 × 104 cells/well in a 96-well plate and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. At 50% confluence, the cells in the treatment group were incubated with 0.25 mM corticosterone (Sigma–Aldrich) for 1 h. To evaluate the protective effects of HSR on corticosterone-treated SK-N-SH cells, HSR was dissolved in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline, and cells were pretreated with 10, 50, or 100 μg/mL HSR for 24 h before the addition of corticosterone. Subsequently, cell viability was determined using a CellTiter Aqueous One Solution cell proliferation assay (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA). Absorbance changes were detected at 490 nm using a microplate reader (Molecular Devices, San Jose, CA, USA).
Corticosterone
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, China, United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, France, Sao Tome and Principe
Corticosterone is a laboratory reagent used in scientific research. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands in various species. Corticosterone plays a role in the regulation of metabolism, immune function, and stress response. As a research tool, it is often utilized in studies involving endocrinology, neuroscience, and pharmacology.
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Lab products found in correlation
Progesterone, by Merck Group (23 mentions)
Cortisol, by Merck Group (21 mentions)
Ru486, by Merck Group (16 mentions)
Cortisone, by Merck Group (16 mentions)
Dexamethasone (dex), by Merck Group (13 mentions)
Testosterone, by Merck Group (13 mentions)
11 deoxycortisol, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Aldosterone, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Acetaminophen, by Merck Group (11 mentions)
6β hydroxytestosterone, by Merck Group (11 mentions)
Paclitaxel, by Merck Group (11 mentions)
Tranylcypromine, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Diclofenac, by ICN Biomedicals (10 mentions)
Dextromethorphan, by ICN Biomedicals (10 mentions)
Ketoconazole, by ICN Biomedicals (10 mentions)
Chlorzoxazone, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Clomethiazole, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Quinidine, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
Furafylline, by Merck Group (10 mentions)
222 protocols using corticosterone
1
Neuroprotective Effects of HSR on Corticosterone-Induced Toxicity
2
Corticosterone Rhythms in Brown Adipocytes
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Murine immortalized preadipocytes were generated and cultured as previously described [22 (link)]. Pre-adipocytes were differentiated for 14–15 days. During the last 2 days of differentiation and during the experiments, cells were grown in basal culture medium containing hormone-deprived (charcoal-stripped) serum (Gibco). To investigate whether corticosterone (Sigma–Aldrich) can induce rhythm in brown adipocytes, cells were pretreated with or without 1 μM of GR antagonist RU486 (Sigma–Aldrich) for 30 min, followed by treatment with 10 nM of corticosterone or vehicle, and cells were harvested at T = 0, 8, 16, 24, or 32 h after treatment for gene expression analysis.
3
Corticosterone-Induced Laying Hen Model
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Forty, 47 week-old Single Comb Brown Hy-Line Leghorn laying hens were housed in individual cages in a room with a constant ambient temperature (20±2°C) and a 15 h light:9 h dark cycle (lights on at 06:00 h) throughout the experimental period. They had free access to a commercial layer diet (Nonghyup Feed Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea) and tap water for the first 2 weeks as the adaptation period, at the end of which hens were divided into two groups (n = 20 each) and provided with either control or experimental diet for the next two weeks. In order to produce the experimental diet, corticosterone (92%, #C2505, Sigma-Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO, USA), dissolved completely in 100% ethanol (2.61 mg/mL), was mixed with feed using a mixer for 30 min, consequently yielding 30 mg corticosterone per kg diet. For control diet, the same amount of ethanol as one used in the experimental diet was added to the feed and was mixed for 30 min. This procedure made no alcohol left in the diet. Feed intake and egg production were monitored daily in the morning, and body weight was measured weekly throughout the experimental period. This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Use and Care Committee of Gyeongsang National University.
4
Chronic Corticosterone Effects on Mice
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C57Bl/6J male mice (N = 9) were chronically administered with corticosterone for 5 weeks (Sigma Aldrich, MI, Italy, code: C-2505) in the drinking water (normal drinking water was replaced with a 0.66% ethanol solution containing 100 μg/mL corticosterone). Based on the daily water intake, the daily dose of corticosterone ranges between 1.5 mg/Kg and 2 mg/Kg. Vehicle-treated mice (N = 9) were treated for 5 weeks with a 0.66% ethanol solution in the drinking water. Solutions were freshly prepared. Body weight changes were monitored weekly during the treatment period (5 weeks, Figure 1A ). All mice were assessed for glucose tolerance under basal conditions and after 2 or 4 weeks of chronic treatment with corticosterone (Figure 1A ), body weight was monitored. At the end of the treatment, all mice were killed and dissected brains were used for the immunohistochemical analysis of TH-positive cells in the whole rostro-caudal extension of the brainstem reticular formation (Figure 1A ). All anatomical points of reference were indicated according to the atlas of Paxinos and Franklin (2001 ) for mice.
5
Corticosterone Regulation of Synaptic Plasticity
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To study the effect of repetitive corticosterone application on AMPA receptor trafficking, miniature excitatory postsynaptic current (mEPSC) properties and synaptic plasticity, 10 min pulses of corticosterone (100 nM, Sigma-Aldrich) or vehicle (0.09% ethanol) were applied to hippocampal cultured cells or acutely prepared mouse brain slices containing the hippocampus. Tissue was exposed to 1 to 4 consecutive pulses with an interpulse interval of one hour. The selected paradigm has been used in literature before and effectively resulted in a pulsatile pattern, with an overall pulse-width of approximately 20 min [9 (link),17 (link)].
6
Transdermal Corticosterone Manipulation
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Amphibian skin and many of its secretions contain lipids (Schmid & Barden 1965; Wells 2007) , and lipophilic molecules can easily cross skin. We applied a mixture of sesame oil and corticosterone daily to the skin of all S-treatment fogs to manipulate circulating levels of corticosterone. This non-invasive method has been used in lizards for corticosterone (Meylan et al. 2003) and in H. arborea for testosterone manipulation (Desprat et al., 2015) . We diluted corticosterone (n° C2505 Sigma Aldrich [St Louis, Missouri, USA]) in sesame oil: 3 μg corticosterone /μL of sesame oil. We applied 4.5 μL of the corticosterone solution to the backs of S frogs at 1000 each day (D3 to D13). To frogs in the C and E treatments, we applied 4.5 μL of sesame oil on a daily basis (D3 to D13).
7
Bilateral Adrenalectomy Procedure in Rats
8
Adrenalectomy and Corticosterone Supplementation in Mice
9
Corticosterone Feeding Protocol
10
Adrenalectomy and Corticosterone Treatment in MCAO
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