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6 protocols using discovery ct750 hd

1

Preoperative Orbital Imaging Protocols

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Data from the preoperative orbital imaging examinations were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 91 included patients, 73 underwent CT scans, 43 underwent MRI scans, and 25 underwent both CT and MRI scans.
The CT scans were performed using various scanners (GE Medical Systems, GE Lightspeed VCT, GE Discovery CT750 HD, GE OPTIMA CT660, Siemens Somatom Sensation 16, Siemens Somatom Definition AS, Siemens Somatom Definition Edge, Siemens Somatom Definition Flash) with multidetector capabilities ranging from 16 to 128 channels. The techniques and parameters varied depending on the system used; however, most examinations were performed using a 128-channel CT scanner (Somatom Definition Flash; Siemens Medical Solutions). The detailed CT imaging protocols are described in the Supplement.
The MRI scans were performed using various 3T MRI scanners (Magnetom Skyra, Siemens; Achieva, Philips Medical Systems; Ingenia CX, Philips Medical Systems) with a 16- or 64-channel head and neck coil. However, most examinations were performed with a 3T MRI scanner (Magnetom Skyra, Siemens) with a 64-channel head and neck coil. The MRI protocol for head and neck tumors consisted of axial and coronal T1- and T2-weighted turbo spin-echo sequences with diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. The detailed MRI protocols are described in the Supplement.
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2

Evaluating Z-Coverage Impact on 4D-CT Registration

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Segmentation of the entire radius and ulna was performed in the dedicated spiral CT source image. The surface meshes resulting from the SNR source images were then directly registered to the 4D-CT target images with the corresponding mAs level. For the analysis of Z-coverage the first scan in the series of 10 spiral 3D-CT scans was used for segmentation purposes and the remaining nine were used for registration.
The registration error due to the limited Z-coverage was investigated by clipping the radius and ulna surface meshes to different lengths prior to registration to mimic a decreased Z-coverage. The tested surface mesh lengths were 40-, 57-, 80- and 160 mm (fig. 3), representing the approximate range of Z-coverage in current 4D-CT capable scanners (e.g. GE Discovery CT750 HD, Siemens Somatom Force (used in this study), Phillips Brilliance iCT and Toshiba Aquilion ONE respectively). The clipped surface meshes were only registered to the series of 120 mAs simulated 4D-CT target images to minimize the influence of noise during registration.
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3

Multimodal Imaging Protocol for Clinical Research

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CT Scans were acquired on a variety of scanners, patients were scanned on either: GE (Lightspeed (Ultra, QX/I, VCT, Pro 16), Discovery CT750 HD), Siemens (Definition, Biograph 128, Emotion Duo, Somatom Definition AS (+), Sensation (16, 64), Somatom Force), Toshiba (Aquilion), or Philips (Brilliance 64). All scans had KVP of 120 (range 100–130). Furthermore, the mA range of NIH scans was 40–543, while the external scans ranged from 10 to 721. All scans had a slice width ranging from 2 to 7.5 mm. MR Scans were acquired on GE (Genesis Signa 1.5 T, Signa Excite 1.5 T, Discovery MR750 3.0 T, Signa HDxt 1.5 T), Philips (Achieva (1.5 T, 3.0 T)), Siemens (Verio 3.0 T, Symphony 1.5 T, Biograph 3.0 T, Aera 1.5 T, Avanto 1.5 T). All patients had T2-weighted fast spin echo based sequences, GRE based in/out phase T1-weighted scans with pre- and post-contrast, DWI and ADC imaging (0, 50, 500 and 800).
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4

Abdominal CECT Acquisition Protocol

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Abdominal CECT was performed using GE Discovery CT750 HD or Siemens Somatom Definition Drive scanner. Prior to the examination, patients were given oral doses of water to distend the stomach. CT scans were performed with standard setting: tube voltage of 120 kVp, auto tube current, and matrix of 512 × 512. The images were reconstructed with a section thickness of 1.25- or 1.5-mm. The arterial phase (AP), portal phase (PP), and delay phase (DP) images were obtained after delays of 20-30, 60 and 120 seconds, respectively.
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5

Contrast-Enhanced CT Scan Protocol

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All contrast-enhanced CT scans were obtained during the portal venous phase using one of the following multi-detector CT scanners from four manufacturers: Philips Medical Systems (Ingenuity CT [n = 31], Brilliance 64 [n = 16], iCT 256 [n = 5]), GE Healthcare (Discovery CT750 HD [n = 28], Revolution [n = 21]; Siemens Healthineers (SOMATOM Definition [n = 17], SOMATOM Force [n = 4]), and Canon Medical Systems (Aquilion One [n = 14]). The scans were acquired using voltage settings of 100 to 140 kVp (100 kVp [n = 53], 120 kVp [n = 74], and 140 kVp [n = 9]) with automatic exposure control. All CT images were reconstructed with a soft tissue kernel and had a slice thickness of 3 mm or less.
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6

Standardized CT Scan Parameters

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CT scans were conducted using 64‐detector row scanners from various manufacturers, including the General Electric Medical Systems (Discovery CT750 HD, or Optima CT660) and the Siemens Medical Systems (MOMATOM go Top or Definition Edge). Scans were performed at full inspiration, following standardized parameters, including a tube voltage of 120 kVp, automatic current time ranging from 25 to 100 mA with a rotation time of 0.5 s, and a slice thickness of 5 mm. Reconstructed images were generated using a standard algorithm with thicknesses of 1.0 or 1.25 mm and an interval of 0.8 mm.
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