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3 protocols using cfi apo tirf 60x oil

1

Multicolor Fluorescence Imaging of Subcellular Structures

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For fluorescence imaging, the total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) mode of an inverted widefield fluorescence microscope (Nikon Eclipse Ti-E; Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with a motorized XY stage and a perfect focus system was used together with a 60× oil immersion objective (Nikon CFI Apo TIRF 60x Oil, NA 1.49, WD 0.12 mm), a 2.5× relay lens in front of an electron-multiplied charge-coupled device camera (iXon Ultra DU-888; Andor, Belfast, Northern Ireland) and, if necessary, an additional 1.5x magnifying tube lens. Alexa647-labelled microtubules, mCherry- and GFP-labelled proteins and GFP-labelled mitochondria were visualized by the sequential switching between a Cy5 filter (632-652, 669-741), TRITC filter (556-566, 593-668) and FITC filter (483-493, 500-550) or by using a Quad Band Set filter (405/488/561/640). The position of unlabeled microtubules and mitochondria were determined using an interference reflection microscopy unit. Fluorescence images were acquired for one to two minutes with 200 ms exposure time and 300 gain multiplier using NIS-Elements Advanced Research software v5.02 (Laboratory Imaging). Experiments were performed over several months, each experiment presented was repeated at least on three individual days. No data were excluded from the study.
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2

FRET Imaging in Microfluidic Devices

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FRET imaging in the microfluidic device was performed using an inverted microscope (Eclipse Ti-E; Nikon) equipped with an oil-immersion objective lens (CFI Apo TIRF 60X Oil; Nikon). YFP was illuminated by an LED illumination system (SOLA SE, Lumencor) through an excitation bandpass filter (FF01–500/24–25; Semrock) and a dichroic mirror (F01–542/27–25F; Semrock). The fluorescence emission was led into an emission image splitter (OptoSplit II; Cairn) and further split into donor and acceptor channels by a second dichroic mirror (FF580-FDi01–25×36; Semrock). The emission was then collected through emission bandpass filters (FF520-Di02–25×36 and FF593-Di03–25×36; Semrock) by a sCMOS camera (ORCA-Flash4.0 V2; Hamamatsu). RFP was illuminated in the same way as YFP except that an excitation bandpass filter (FF01–575/05–25; Semrock) and a dichroic mirror (FF593-Di03–25×36; Semorock) were used. An additional excitation filter (59026x; Chroma) was used in front of the excitation filters. To synchronize image acquisition and the delivery of stimulus solutions, a custom-made MATLAB program controlled both the imaging system (through the API provided by Micro-Manager75 ) and the states of the solenoid valves.
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3

Multimodal Immunofluorescence Imaging of Cytoskeleton and Lipid Droplets

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Following culture, cell samples were washed with PBS, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde, blocked in 2% BSA with 0.5% (v/v) Triton X-100 in PBS for 20 minutes, immersed in 2% BSA for 1 hour, and rinsed in PBS. Staining using the primary anti-TPM1/2 antibody (TM311, Sigma-Aldrich) and anti-YAP1 antibody (Proteintech), and the secondary donkey anti-mouse IgG antibody (Alexa Fluor 647; 1:100; Abcam), donkey anti-rabbit IgG antibody (Alexa Fluor 647; 1:100; Abcam) and donkey anti-mouse IgG antibody (Alexa Fluor 488; 1:100; Abcam) was performed according to manufacturer's protocols. DAPI (Sigma-Aldrich, 20 min) and Phalloidin-iFluor 555 (Abcam) staining (165 nM, 30 minute immersion) was performed in PBS. Lipid droplets staining was performed by immersing cells in 0.1 μg mL -1 Nile red (Sigma) for 5 minutes. Immunofluorescence imaging was performed using a NIKON Ti-E inverted microscope equipped with an sCMOS iXon3 camera (Anodr) and a Spectra X light engine light source (Lumencor). A CFI Apo TIRF 60X Oil (Nikon) and a CFI Plan Apo VC 20X (Nikon) objectives were used. Cell and nucleus projected areas were segmented and quantified using custom-built MATLAB code.
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