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11 protocols using anti vimentin sc 6260

1

Cell Culture Reagents and Antibodies

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Cell culture media RPMI1640, DMEM, TC100 and supplements (Newborn calf serum, penicillin/streptomycin, glutamine, trypsin-EDTA) were from Gibco Life Technologies (Paisley, UK). NCTC 109 medium and chloroquine were from Sigma (Steinheim, Germany). Foetal bovine serum (FBS) was from Lonza Inc. (Walkersville, MD, USA). Lipofectamine 2000 and Lysotracker Red (LTR) were from Life Technologies (Carlsbad, CA, USA). U18666A was from Merck4Biosciences (Madrid, Spain). Anti-GFP was from Roche Diagnostics GmbH (Mannheim, Germany). Anti-Hsp90 (sc-7947), anti-RhoGDI (sc-360), and anti-vimentin (sc-6260) were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Anti-mouse Igs were from Dako (Copenhagen, Denmark). Anti-giantin was from Covance (Princeton, NJ, USA).
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2

Visualization of Cytoskeletal Structures

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MDA-MB-231 cells were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 10 minutes at 4°C and incubated over night at 4°C with PBS (CMF, Calcium, and Magnesium Free) 1,5% goat serum plus the following specific antibodies: anti-α-tubulin (T5168, Sigma-Aldrich) and anti-vimentin (sc-6260, Santa Cruz biotechnology). For F-actin visualization rhodamine-phalloidin (Invitrogen Molecular Probes, Eugene) was used. Cells were washed three times with PBS (1% BSA 0.2% Triton X 100) and incubated with rhodamine-phalloidin, the anti-mouse IgG-FITC PN IM1619 secondary antibody (Beckman-Coulter Inc., Fullerton, CA, USA), and HOECHST 33342 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) to stain the DNA. Finally, cells were washed, mounted in buffered glycerol (0.1 M, pH 9.5), and analyzed using a Zeiss Fluorescent Microscope. The images were scanned under 40x objective.
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3

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis

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Total protein extraction was carried out with a RIPA lysis buffer (Beyotime Biotechnology). The protein concentration was determined by the BCA Protein Assay Kit (Pierce Biotechnology). Equivalent proteins were electrophoresed on 10% SDS‐PAGE gel and subsequently transferred to polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. Thereafter, membranes were blocked in 5% skim milk, followed by incubation with primary antibody at 4°C overnight, probed by appropriate secondary antibody at room temperature for 1 hour and then visualized with chemiluminescence molecular imaging system (Bio‐Rad). The following primary antibodies were applied: anti‐USF1 ((ab125020; Abcam), anti‐E‐cadherin (sc‐8426; Santa Cruz), anti‐vimentin (sc‐6260; Santa Cruz), β‐actin (sc‐7963; Santa Cruz), anti‐Nanog (ab109250; Abcam), anti‐SOX2 (ab137385; Abcam) and anti‐OCT4 (ab184665; Abcam). β‐actin served as the loading control.
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4

Comprehensive Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Antibodies

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Anti-phospho (p) Rb at Ser807/811 (catalog number #9308) and anti-Slug antibodies (#9585) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). Anti-EBP50 (ab109430), Anti-cyclin A2 (#ab181591), anti-Snail (#ab180714), and anti-Twist1 (#ab50887) antibodies were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA, USA). Anti-E-cadherin, anti-Ki-67 (#M7240), anti-p21waf1 (#M7202), and anti-cyclin D1 antibodies (#M3635) were from Dako (Copenhagen, Denmark). Anti-p27kip1 (#610242), anti-Rb (#554136), anti-aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) (#611194), anti-β-catenin (#610154), and anti-N-cadherin antibodies (#610920) were from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA, USA). Anti-FLAG M2 (#F3165), anti-ZEB1 (#HPA027524), and anti-β-actin antibodies (#HPA025958) were from Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals (St. Louis, MO, USA). Anti-vimentin (sc-6260) and anti-cyclin B1 antibodies (#sc-752) were from Santa Cruz Biotech (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Anti-E-cadherin antibody (#M106, Takara Bio Inc., Siga, Japan) was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA).
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5

Western Blot Protein Analysis Protocol

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Cells were washed twice on ice with PBS before adding protein lysis buffer (1× protease inhibitor cocktail, Roche, Basel, Switzerland, 1.5mM EDTA, 1mM DTT, 10% glycerol, 25mM HEPES, pH 7.6). The protein concentration was determined by the Bradford assay (BioRad, Hercules, CA) using BSA as a standard. Total protein (20μg) was resolved by 10% SDS-PAGE for subsequent western blot analysis using antibodies against the following proteins (diluted in TTBS (Tween–Tris Buffered Saline: 0.02% Tween-20 in 100mM Tris-CL [pH 7.5], 1:1000) as indicated): anti-p53 (DO7, DAKO, Glostrup, Denmark), anti-NKX2-1 (sc-53136, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA), anti-Sp1 (sc-14027, Santa Cruz, CA), anti-p65 (sc-8008, Santa Cruz, CA), anti-Snail (sc-28199, Santa Cruz, CA), anti –NF-Y (sc-17753, Santa Cruz, CA), anti-vimentin (sc-6260, Santa Cruz, CA), anti-IKKβ (sc-271782, Santa Cruz, CA), ant-α-tubulin (sc-5266, Santa Cruz, CA), anti-p21 (sc- 6246, Santa Cruz, CA) and anti-E-cadherin (cat. 610182, BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ). The gel was transferred to a Hybond-C Extra membrane (GE Healthcare, Little Chalfont, UK) and immunoblotted with primary antibody, as indicated in the figure legends. Anti-mouse or rabbit IgG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase was used as the secondary antibody for detection using an ECL western blot detection system.
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6

Immunofluorescence Assay Reagents and Protocols

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Antibodies anti-myc (2276S), HDAC6 (7558S), FXR1 (12295T), and FMR1 (4317S) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology; anti-ZO-1 (339100) and anti-G3BP1 (PA5-29455) from Thermo Fisher Scientific; and anti-vimentin (sc-6260) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Anti-EDC4 (SAB4200114) was purchased from Sigma. AMYLO-GLO (TR-300-AG) was purchased from VWR International. Anti-FK2 ubiquitin (BMLPW8810100) was purchased from Enzo Life Sciences, and anti-LAMP1 (H4A3) was purchased from Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank. Phenol Red-free LDEV-free Matrigel (CB356239), Hoechst (H1399), DRAQ5 (62251), secondary Alexa Fluor antibodies, transferrin-Alexa Fluor 647 (T23366), bortezomib (5043140001), 17AAG (11039), ganetespib (19432), and Y27632 (125410) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. INK128 (1224844385), SB203580 (152121476), and OTSSP167(1431698100) were purchased from Cayman Chemical. Blebbistatin (sc203532) was purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. H2O2 (H1009), MG132 (474790), and sodium arsenate (A6756) were purchased from Sigma. IL-1β (200-10B) was purchased from PeproTech. Phalloidin-TRITC was purchased from American Peptide.
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7

Western Blot Analysis of EMT Markers

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Western blot analyses were performed as described previously43 (link). Samples, which were lysed in buffer containing 150 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4), 2.5 mM EDTA, 0.125% Nonidet P-40 (v/v), and protease inhibitors, were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride membranes (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA). Membranes were probed with anti-β-catenin (610154; BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA), anti-TGF-β2 (ab36495; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-E-cadherin (610181; BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA), anti-vimentin (SC-6260; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), and anti-actin (SC-1615; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) antibodies. Immunoreactivity was visualized by autoradiography.
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8

Spinal Cord Protein Expression Analysis

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Spinal cords were collected on day 1 and 4 from rats implanted with MSC scaffolds and cells treated with recombined human IL-10 (rhIL-10) for 8 h. Total protein was quantification with BCA after lysis in lysis buffer. Proteins were separated by 8-12% SDS-PAGE and transferred to a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. 5% fat-free milk was used for blocking, and T-PBS was used for washing three times. Then, the membranes were cut with molecular weight and incubated with primary antibody. The following primary antibodies were used: Cell Signaling Technology: anti-p-NF-κB (#3033), anti-JAK2 (#3230), anti-p-JAK2 (Tyr1007/1008) (#3771), anti-STAT3 (#9139,), anti-p-STAT3 (Y705) (#9145); Huabio: anti-NF-κB (ET1603-12,), anti-CCR7 (ET1602-22); DiagBio Technology.: anti-GAPDH (db106, 1:5000); Santa Cruz biotechnology: anti-Vimentin (sc-6260). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated IgG (MULTI Sciences) was used to bind the primary antibody for 90 mins at room temperature, and enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL, PerkinElmer) was added to the strip to detect the target protein; images were captured with a digital imager (azure, c280). GAPDH was used as a loading control.
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9

Western Blot Analysis of Signaling Proteins

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The cells were lysed in RIPA buffer as described previously [4 (link)]. Approximately 20–80 μg aliquots of protein were subjected to SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and transferred onto PVDF membranes. The membranes were incubated with anti-p-AKT (9271, 1:1000, Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA), anti-AKT (sc-8312, 1:1000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), anti-β-catenin (sc-7199, 1:2000, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), anti-Snail (3895, 1:1000, Cell Signaling), anti-vimentin (sc-6260, 1:1000, Santa Cruz), and anti-β-actin (A2066, 1:2000, Sigma-Aldrich) antibodies, and the bound antibodies were detected with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodies and an enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) Western blotting detection reagent (170-5061, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA).
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10

Molecular Mechanisms of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling

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Anti-β-catenin (sc-7963), anti-E-cadherin (sc-8426), and anti-Vimentin (sc-6260) antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz (Dallas, TX, USA). Anti-GSK-3β (#12456), anti-p-GSK-3β (#9322), anti-AKT (#4691), anti-p-AKT (#4060), and anti-p-β-catenin (#9561) antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (California, USA). Anti-HORMAD1 (67091-1-Ig), anti-ZEB-1 (21544-1-AP), anti-LaminB1 (12987-1-AP), and anti-N-cadherin (22018-1-AP) antibodies were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). Anti-α-tubulin (A01410-100) antibody was purchased from GenScript (Nanjing, China). The Wnt activator (CHIR99021), Wnt inhibitor (XAV939) and AKT inhibitor (MK-2206) were purchased from Selleckchem Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA).
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