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15 protocols using gr1 apc

1

Induction of Pyroptosis and IBD in Mice

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Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (E. coli O111:B4) and nigericin (14K05-MM) used to induce pyroptosis were purchased from Invitrogen. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (#118K7374V) used to induce inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mouse model were obtained from Sigma-aldrich. Anti-mouse antibodies like NLRP3 (#AG-20B-0014, Adipogen), Caspase1-p20 (#AG-20B-0042, Adipogen), IL-1β (#12426, Cell Signaling Technology), GSDMDC1 (#sc-393656, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), alpha Tubulin (#66031-1-1 g, Proteintech), HRP goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (#EK010, Zhuangzhibio), and HRP goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (#EK020, Zhuangzhibio) were used for immunoblot analysis. The anti-mouse antibodies used for flow cytometry analysis were as follows: APC-CD105 (#MJ7/18, Biolegend), APC-CD90 (#OX-7, BD), PE-CD44 (#IM7, BD, USA), PE-CD51 (#RMV-7, eBioscience), APC-CD3 (#17A2, Biolegend), APC-CD45R/B220 (#RA3-6B2, Biolegend), FITC-CD14 (#Sa14-2, Biolegend), FITC-CD11c (#117306, Biolegend), APC-CD11b (#101212, Biolegend) and APC-Gr1 (#17–5931, eBioscience). The IL-1β Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit was purchased from R&D Systems (#P16807).
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2

Characterizing Mouse Cell Surface Markers

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Antibodies used to characterize mouse cell surface makers by flow cytometry include: mouse PE/Cy7-CD41 (Cat# 25–0411-80) and APC-Gr1 (Cat# 17–5931-82) were purchased from eBioscience. Mouse PE-CD42b antibody (Cat# M040–3) was purchased from Emfret Analytics (Wurzburg, Germany). Antibodies for mouse APC-Ter119 (Cat# 116211), PE/Cy7-CD71 (Cat# 113811), FITC-Mac1 (Cat# 101205), APC/Cy7-cKit (Cat# 105825), FITC-Sca1 (Cat# 108105), PerCP/Cy5.5-FcγR (Cat# 101323), PE-CD150 (Cat# 115903), APC-CD105 (Cat# 120413) and PE-CD34 (Cat# 128609) were purchased from BioLegend (San Diego, CA). PE-Phospho-Stat5 (Cat# 5387) antibody was purchased from Cell Signaling (Danvers, MA). Rabbit polyclonal Von Willebrand Factor (VWF) antibody (Cat# A008229–5) used for immunohistochemistry was purchased from Agilent Technologies (Santa Clara, CA). Recombinant mouse stem cell factor (mSCF, Cat# 250–03), recombinant human EPO (hEPO, Cat# 100–64), recombinant mouse IL-3 (mIL-3, Cat# 213–13), recombinant human TPO (hTPO, Cat# 300–18), recombinant mouse Cxcl1 (mCxcl1, Cat# 250–01), and recombinant mouse Cxcl2 (mCxcl2, Cat# 250–15) were purchased from Peprotech (Rocky Hill, NJ).
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3

Characterizing Immune Cell Populations in Mice

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Different cells types in blood, bone marrow and BALF from KO and WT mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cells were incubated with FITC-CD11b (eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA), PC5.5-B220 (BD PharMingen, San Diego, CA, USA) and 780-CD3 (eBioscience) to detect monocytes; with FITC-CD11b and APC-F4/80 (eBioscience) to detect macrophages; with FITC-CD11b and PE-ly6G (eBioscience) to detect neutrophils; with FITC-CD11b, APC-CD11c (eBioscience) and PC5.5-B220 to detect dendritic cells and with FITC-CD11b and APC-Gr-1 (eBioscience) to detect MDSCs. BMMs treated with IL-4 (20 ng/mL) for 48 h were collected, and then incubated with APC-F4/80 (eBioscience) and FITC-CD206 (BioLegend) antibodies at 4 °C for 30 minutes. Cells were analyzed on a flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, CA, USA) with Cytexpert software. The experiment was repeated three times.
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4

Immunoblot and Immunofluorescence Analysis of NLRP3 Inflammasome

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LPS (E. coli O111:B4) and nigericin (14K05-MM) were from Invitrogen. DSS (#118K7374V) were from Sigma-aldrich. Anti-mouse antibodies used for immunoblot analysis were: IL-1β (#12426, Cell Signaling Technologies), NLRP3 (#AG-20B-0014, Adipogen), Caspase-1 p20 (#AG-20B-0042, Adipogen), alpha Tubulin (#66031-1-1g, Proteintech), Caspase-11 p20 (#AG-20B-0061, Adipogen). Anti-mouse antibodies used for immunofluorescent staining analysis were: GSDMDC1 (#sc-393656, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), FITC Goat Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody (L146A, Gene Copoeia), AF647TM Goat Anti-Mouse IgG Antibody (L125A, Gene Copoeia). Anti-mouse antibodies used for flow analysis were: APC-CD45 (#30-F11, Biolegend), APC-Ter119 (#17-5921, eBioscience), PE-CD44 (#IM7, BD, USA), PE-CD51 (#RMV-7, eBioscience), APC-CD90 (#OX-7, BD), APC-CD105 (#MJ7/18, Biolegend), PE-CD146 (#P1H12, eBioscience), PE-CD166 (#105902, R&D), FITC-Sca-1 (#122505, Biolegend), APC-CD3 (#17A2, Biolegend), FITC-CD11c (#117306, Biolegend), APC-CD11b (#101212, Biolegend), APC-Gr1 (#17-5931, eBioscience), FITC-F4/80 (#123108, Biolegend), APC-CD19 (#17-5921, eBioscience), and FITC-CD14 (#Sa14-2, Biolegend).
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5

Myeloid Cell Immunophenotyping by Flow

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Bone marrow cells, following red blood cell lysis, or cell lines were stained with FITC-CD11b or APC-Gr1 (eBioscience, CA, USA). Analysis was performed using a PARTEC CyFlow (Munich, Germany) and data were analyzed using FCS EXPRESS.
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6

FACS Analysis of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells

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Cells were stained with specific antibodies or control isotypes using conventional protocols. The following anti-mouse antibodies were used for FACS analysis of MDSCs: CD11b/PECy5, Gr1/PE, Gr1/APC, CD62L/FITC, F4/80/FITC, CD11c/PE, and MHC CI OVA peptide/Biotin from eBiosciences (San Diego, CA); as well as CD124/PE, CD40/FITC, CD86/FITC, IA-IE/FITC, Ly6C/FITC and Ly6G/PE that were purchased from BD Biosciences (San Jose, CA). Lymphocytes characterization was performed with the next specific antibodies: CD8/PE and CD8/Biotin, CD69/PECy5, CD62L/FITC, CD247/PE, CD4/PE, CD4/PECy5, CD25/PECy5, Foxp3/Biotin, IFN-γ/FITC, IL-4/PE and IL-17/PE, all from eBiosciences. FITC-conjugated Streptavidin was purchased also from eBiosciences. In all cases, cells were previously incubated with anti-mouse FcγR 2.4G2 ascites (HB-197; ATCC) to reduce the non-specific binding. For intracellular staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized, according to the manufacturer’s protocol, with either Foxp3 Staining Buffer Set or IC Fixation and 10X Permeabilization Buffers from eBiosciences. Cells were acquired using both FACScan (BD Biosciences) and Gallios (Beckman Coulter, Miami, FL) flow cytometers and analyzed with Kaluza 1.2 (Beckman Coulter) and FlowJo 5.7.2 (Tree Star Inc., USA) softwares.
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7

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells

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Stained cells were analyzed using a BD LSR II-SORP system (Becton Dickinson) and analyzed with FlowJo software (Tree Star). The following mAbs were used: CD45-PerCPCy5, CD45-APC, CD8-APC, anti-IFNγ-PECy7 and anti-IL-4-FITC (BD Biosciences), Gr1-APC, CD11c-PECy7, CD11b-PB, F4/80-APC (eBiosciences), 1A8-APCCy7, Ly6C-FITC, 1A8-APCCy7, CD4-AF700. DAPI and AnV-FITC (BioLegends). In vivo bioluminescence imaging of MPO activity was quantified through injection of 200mg/kg luminol (Carbosynth) i.p. 10 minutes before luminescence acquisition. Photon emission was acquired for 10 minutes using a Xenogen IVIS Imaging system.
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8

Lung Inflammatory Cell Profiling by Flow Cytometry

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The composition of lung inflammatory cells was determined by flow cytometry (BD FacsCalibur Milan, Italy) using the following antibodies: CD11c-FITC, CD11c-APC, CD11b-PeCy5.5, Gr1-APC, CD3-PeCy5.5, CD4-FITC, CD25-PE, FoxP3-PeCy5.5, F4/80-PE, CD169-FITC, Arg I-PerCp (eBioscience, CA, USA). BAL-derived macrophages were stained for Tetramethyl rhodamine Esther (TMRE, 5 nM, Life Technologies, Monza, Italy) to measure mitochondrial membrane potential alterations. In another set of experiments BAL-derived macrophages were stained for MitoSOX Mitochondrial Superoxide Indicator as indicated in the manufacturer's guide (Life Technologies, USA).
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9

Multicolor Flow Cytometric Analysis of Immune Cell Subsets

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Three-color immunostaining of cell surface and intracellular markers was performed utilizing the Accuri C6 flow cytometer. Isolated splenocytes were stained for CD11b-PE, Gr1-APC, and F480-FITC to evaluate MDSCs; CD3-PE, CD8-FITC, and Granzyme-B-PECy7 (intracellular) to evaluate CD8 cells; and CD4-APC, CD25-FITC, and FoxP3-PE (intracellular) to evaluate Treg cells (eBio-science). Before intracellular staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized using the FoxP3 Fix/Perm Buffer Set solution (eBioscience). Tumors from mice were morselized into a single cell suspension to evaluate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and probed using APC-conjugated anti-mouse antibody directed against CD4 with isotype control (mouse IgG) and PE-conjugated anti-mouse mAb directed against CD8 with isotype control (mouse IgG1) (eBioscience).
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10

Immunophenotyping of Hematopoietic Cells

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Hematopoietic cells were collected from the bone marrow and peripheral blood of the normal and diseased mice. Erythrocytes were lysed in NH4Cl red blood cell lysis buffer (pH 7.4). The cells were washed with PBS and stained with Gr-1-APC for neutrophils, B220-PE for lymphocytes, F480-APC for macrophages and Sca-1/c-Kit/Lin for HSC purchased from Ebioscience Inc or cell signaling. After staining, the cells were washed once with PBS and subjected to FACS analysis. Cells were analyzed with FACS calibur or LSRII (Becton Dickinson). Influx cell sorter (Becton Dickinson) was used for sorting of GFP positive cells from cultured myeloid progenitors.
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