The cell lysates containing MTT formazan (100 μL) reduced by INT 407 cells from MTT tetrazolium was incubated with each porphyrin compound (10 μM, 100 μL) in a 96 well plate under UVA (365 nm) and UVC (254 nm) using an UV irradiation equipment (230 V, 50/60 Hz) (VL-4LC; Vilber Lourmat, Marne-la-Vallée, France) with 8 cm distance or a fluorescent light (TL-D Super 80 fluorescent lamp) with 30 cm distance at room temperature. To investigate effects of several antioxidants or menadione, an electron coupling agent, on degradation of MTT formazan by ZnPP, the cell lysates containing MTT formazan (100 μL) and ZnPP (20 μM, 50 μL) with or without each antioxidant (50 μL) or menadione (160 μM, 50 μL) were incubated under a fluorescent light. The absorbance changes of formazan were measured at different time points at 550 nm (Triad LT).
Vl 4 lc
Manufactured by Vilber
Sourced in France
The VL-4.LC is a compact and versatile laboratory equipment piece designed for various applications. It serves as a primary tool for tasks that require controlled light exposure. The device provides consistent and reliable light output to support research, testing, and analysis activities in the laboratory setting.
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Lab products found in correlation
Ft nmr avance 3 hd, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Jms 700 mstation, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Irgacure 2959, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pp g ma, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Dma 850, by TA Instruments (1 mentions)
Cary series uv vis nir spectrophotometer, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Alpha ftir spectrometer, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Fluoromax 4 spectrofluorometer, by Horiba (1 mentions)
5 protocols using vl 4 lc
1
MTT Formazan Degradation under Light
2
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Compounds
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All reagents and solvents were obtained from commercial suppliers and used as received unless otherwise specified. All reactions were performed under nitrogen atmosphere using oven-dried glassware and monitored by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) on a silica-coated plate (60 F254, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Separated compounds on the TLC plate were visualized under UV light at 254 nm and 365 nm (VL-4.LC, Vilber Lourmat, Eberhardzell, Germany). Column chromatography was carried out using a silica gel 230-400 mesh (ZEOprep, Zeochem, Lake Zurich, Switzerland) with n-hexane, EtOAc, CH2Cl2 and MeOH as eluents. 1H NMR (400 MHz) and 13C NMR (125 MHz) spectra were recorded using a FT-NMR Avance III HD (Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA) at ambient temperature. Chemical shifts were reported in ppm (parts per million) relative to tetramethylsilane and coupling constants (J) were expressed in hertz (Hz). The following abbreviations are used for multiplicities: s = singlet; brs = broad singlet; d = doublet; t = triplet; q = quartet; m = multiplet; dd = doublet of doublets. Mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) values were obtained by using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) under fast atom bombardment (FAB) conditions with a JMS-700 MStation (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan).
3
Dosing Molecules on ZnO Nanorods
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2-Aminothiophenol (C4H4SHNH2, Sigma Aldrich, 99 % purity) was purified by turbo pumping prior to dosing onto the three ZnO nanowrod samples. A direct doser controlled by means of a variable leak valve was used to dose the molecules and the same amount of oxygen molecule onto the ZnO nanorod arrays. The ZnO nanorod samples were irradiated with UV light (λ = 365 nm, VL-4.LC, Tube 1 × 4-Watt, Vilber Lourmat) through the quartz window of the vacuum chamber. The pressure of the chamber was maintained at 10−6 Torr during dosing, and the number of exposed molecules was defined by the dosing time in seconds: 1 L (Langmuir) corresponds to 1 s dosing under 10−6 Torr.
4
Hydrogel Synthesis and Purification
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Pre-gelled solutions were prepared by mixing 10 wt % PEGDA-575, which has a hydrophilic property and poly(propylene glycol) methacrylate (PPGMA, Mn of 375 g/mol, Sigma), acting hydrophobic chain, by increasing of mass fraction under fixed total polymer concentration, 10 wt %. The PEGDA was dissolved in DI water at 40 wt % stock solution, and PPGMA was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Sigma, Peabody, MA, USA) at 20 wt % stock solution. The photo-initiator, 2-hydroxy-4′-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (Irgacure 2959, Sigma) was dissolved in DMSO at 10 wt % stock solution and added to the 1 mL pre-gelled solution to form 0.2 wt % as the final concentration. First, the 1 mL of pre-gelled solution mixed by vortex mixer. Second the mixed pre-gelled solution was cast between glass plates with spacer of 1 mm of thickness. Then, the cast pre-gelled solution was exposed by UV lamp (365 nm, VL-4.LC, VILBER LOURMAT, France) for gelation about 10 min, after then, the gel was punched with 8 mm diameter. Gel disks were immersed in DI water to remove unreacted hydrophilic residuals and then, subsequently immersed in DMSO to residual hydrophobic polymers in the cross-linked gel disk. Finally, gel disk was immerged to exchange DMSO to DI water and further incubated in DI water for 24 h before characterizations described below.
5
Characterization of Functional Materials
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NMR spectra were recorded on a BrukerAvance 400 (1H: 400 MHz) at 298 K, using partially deuterated solvents as internal standards. Chemical shifts (δ) are denoted by ppm. Multiplicities are distinguished as follows: s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, m = multiplet, b = broad, dd = doublet of doublets. Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) analysis of samples was conducted on the Bruker ALPHA FTIR spectrometer. Fluorescence spectra were taken using HORIBA Fluoromax-4 spectrofluorometer with excitation slit width of 0.3 nm and emission slit width of 1 nm. Transmission curves was measured using Agilent Technologies Cary Series UV-Vis-NIR Spectrophotometer. The used UV light source for functional durability test is VL-4.LC from VILBER LOURMAT. The distance between the light source and samples is about 5 cm. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was conducted by DMA 850 from TA Instruments in the single cantilever mode with a strain of 50 μm and a frequency of 1 Hz. The sample size is 7 mm × 2 mm × 50 mm and the temperature range is from 0 to 150 °C with a heating rate of 3 °C min−1.
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