Sodium acetate

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade standards for 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 were purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) and dissolved at a concentration of 50 mg/ml in dimethyl sulfoxide as a stock solution (stored at −20°C). This solution was then further diluted in cell culture medium to prepare the working concentrations (0, 7.81, 15.63, 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250 and 500 µg/ml). 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine (5-MedC) was purchased from United States Biological (Salem, MA, USA), and 2′-deoxyguanosine (dG), thymidine (T), 2′-deoxycytidine (dC) and 2′-deoxyadenosine (dA) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich; Merck Millipore (Darmstadt, Germany). Sodium acetate, ammonium formate and acetonitrile were supplied by Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). MNase, nuclease P1 and alkaline phosphatase were purchased from Takara Bio, Inc. (Otsu, Japan).

Iron chloride and Tween 80 were purchased from Tianjin Guangfu Fine Chemical Research Institute (Tianjin, China). Ethylene glycol, trisodium citrate, and sodium acetate were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). Acrylic acid (AA, purity ≥ 98%) was supplied by Wulian Chemical Factory (Shanghai, China). Potassium persulfate was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide was purchased from Junyao Albert Biotechnology Company (Beijing, China). Liquid paraffin was purchased from Tianjin Bodi Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). Span 80 was purchased from Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd. (Shantou, China). Hydroxylamine hydrochloride and O-phenanthroline Hydrate were obtained from Yingdaxigui Chemical Reagent Factory (Tianjin, China). Agarose, pentobarbital sodium, and sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (USA). Embospheres were purchased from Biosphere Medical Inc. (USA). Iodixanol injections were supplied by GE Healthcare Ireland (Ireland). All the other solvents and reagents were of analytical grade and used as received without further purification otherwise noted.