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4 protocols using anti melan a

1

Immunohistochemical Profiling of Brain Metastases

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Human brain metastasis and glioblastoma biopsies were processed into formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded specimens and sectioned at 6 μm. Tissue sections were deparaffinized and rehydrated, then immunohistochemically stained for VCAM-1 (20 μg/100 uL catalog no. sc8304; Santa Cruz Biotechnology). Adjacent sections were stained for tumor-specific markers: anti-cytokeratin purified clone CAM5.2 (12.5 μg/mL catalog no. 345779; BD Biosciences) for breast cancer and lung adenocarcinoma, and anti-melan A (1:100 catalog no. ab5106; Abcam) for melanoma. Additional sections were stained with anti-CD34 antibody (1:50 catalog no. M7165; Dako) for vascular characterization. In the case of the glioblastoma specimens, insufficient tissue was available for tumor-specific or blood vessel staining. For detailed information on histologic analysis, see Supplementary Materials and Methods.
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2

Quantitative Immunohistochemistry Analysis of Melanoma Markers

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For immunohistochemistry analysis, coverslips were placed in a 24-well plate, and then cells were seeded directly on the coverslips. After exposure to ELF-EMF, cells were cultured on a coverslip then fixed by incubation in 4% paraformaldehyde at 4 °C for 20 min. Fixed cells were incubated with anti-HMB45 and anti-Melan-A (Abcam, Cambridge, UK, at 1:1000 dilution). Localization of HMB45 and Melan-A was determined using an avidin-immunoalkaline phosphatase method, with vector red as the red chromogen product. Relative staining intensity was scored arbitrarily according to intensities in a light microscopy image, as follows: no or weak staining (−), low intensity (+), moderate intensity (++), and strong intensity (+++). The staining intensity was analyzed with ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health) for the quantitative immunohistochemistry analysis.
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Lymph Node Imaging in Melanoma PDT

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1.5x106 B16F10 melanoma cells were injected subcutaneously into the footpad of 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice. BL-PDT was performed at day 21 after implantation by injecting 12 µg Ce6, 30 pmol Luc-QD conjugates and 70 nmol CTZ sequentially with 10 min intervals into the peritumoral dorsum of the foot. Two days after the treatment, the popliteal LNs of the mouse were fixed with 1% PFA in PBS and dehydrated with 20% sucrose. After rinse with PBS, resected LNs were embedded in tissue freezing medium (Leica). Mid-sectioned LNs were incubated with blocking solution containing goat serum (Jackson ImmunoResearch). The sectioned tissues were incubated overnight with one of more of the following primary antibodies (1:200): anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3, goat polyclonal (VEGFR3: R&D); anti-CD31, hamster monoclonal (Millipore); anti-Melan-A, mouse polyclonal (Abcam); and anti-caspase-3, rabbit polyclonal (R&D). After several rinse with PBS, the sectioned tissues were incubated for 2 h with one or more of the following secondary antibodies (1:1000): anti-goat cy3 (invitrogen), anti-hamster cy5 (Jackson ImmunoResearch), anti-mouse cy3 (Jackson ImmunoResearch), and anti-rabbit FITC (Jackson ImmunoResearch).
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4

Monoclonal Antibodies for Immunoblotting and Immunofluorescence

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The mouse monoclonal antibodies used were P124 (anti-Dsg1 extracellular domain; catalog no. 651111; Progen), anti-Dsg3 (5G11; catalog no. MABT335; EMD Millipore), 27B2 (anti-Dsg1 cytodomain; catalog no. 32-6000; Life Technologies), HMB45 (anti-Melanoma gp100; catalog no. MA5-13232; Thermo Fisher Scientific), and total ERK1/2 (catalog no. 4370S; Cell Signaling). The rabbit monoclonal antibody EP1576Y (anti-S100 beta; catalog no. ab52642; Abcam) was used. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies used were HECD1 (anti-E-cadherin; Takara), anti-Melan-A (catalog no. ab15468; Abcam), anti-GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; catalog no. G9545; Sigma-Aldrich), anti-GRHL1 (catalog no. PA5-31734; Thermo Fisher Scientific), anti-Slug (catalog no. 9585S; Cell Signaling), and anti-p-ERK (catalog no. 4370S; Cell Signaling). Secondary antibodies for immunoblotting were goat anti-mouse and goat anti-rabbit (LI-COR). Secondary antibodies for immunofluorescence were goat anti-mouse and goat-anti-rabbit linked to fluorophores of 488, 568, and 647 nm (Alexa Fluor; Life Technologies). DAPI (catalog no. 9542; Sigma-Aldrich) was used to stain nuclei. The MEK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) was purchased from Cell Signaling (catalog no. 9903S) and used at a 5 μM final concentration. The CXCR2 inhibitor (SB22502) was purchased from Selleck Chemicals (catalog no. S7651) and used at 500 nM final concentration.
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