Phosphotungstic acid

Manufactured by Sinopharm

Sourced in China

Phosphotungstic acid is a chemical compound with the formula H3PW12O40. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and alcohol. Phosphotungstic acid is commonly used as a reagent in analytical chemistry and biochemical applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

8 protocols using phosphotungstic acid

Synthesis and Evaluation of PEG-Modified Nanocarrier

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PEG_2k-NH₂ was purchased from Xiamen SINOPEG Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Xiamen, China). Methylene chloride, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dichloromethane (DCM), trichloromethane (TCM), diethyl ether, and hydrogen peroxide were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Succinic anhydride 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylpropylamine) (EDCI) was offered by Beijing Bailingwei Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Hexadecyl isocyanate and MTT were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Carboplatin was obtained from Shandong Boyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (Jinan, China). St. Nile red and phosphotungstic acid were purchased from Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). RPMI1640 culture medium and newborn fetal bovine serum were obtained from GIBCO Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Carlsbad, CA). H460, A549 tumor cell lines were obtained from the Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Beijing, China). SPF balb/c/nu/nu nude mice were provided by Viton Lihua.

Lang T., Li N., Zhang J., Li Y., Rong R, & Fu Y. (2021). Prodrug-based nano-delivery strategy to improve the antitumor ability of carboplatin in vivo and in vitro. Drug Delivery, 28(1), 1272-1280.

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Chitin Characterization and Purification

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Chitin (1150 kDa MW and 10% DD) was purchased from Zhejiang Gold Shell Biochemical Limited Corporation, Wenzhou, China. Glacial acetic acid, phosphotungstic acid, and acetone were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company, Shanghai, China and were used as received. All the other chemicals were supplied by Kecheng Trading Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang, China and were used without further purification.

Hu Z., Lu S., Cheng Y., Kong S., Li S., Li C, & Yang L. (2018). Investigation of the Effects of Molecular Parameters on the Hemostatic Properties of Chitosan. Molecules, 23(12), 3147.

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Bamboo Leaf Antioxidant Evaluation

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One-year-old bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) leaves were collected from a mountain in Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province of China. All the raw materials were smashed into about 200 μm (all the particle sizes were measured on a Topsizer Plus laser particle size analyzer, Zhuhai OMEC Instruments Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China) after oven drying. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), 2,2-azinobis-3 ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), standard monosaccharides including _D-glucose, _D-galactose, _L-arabinose, _L-rhamnose and _D-mannose, potassium ferricyanide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich in China mainland. H₂O₂, FeSO₄, and phosphotungstic acid were from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd., China. DEAE-Sepharose^® fast flow column (2.0 cm × 40 cm, Cl^– form) is purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Shanghai, China. Commercial assay kits for the determination of SOD, catalase (CAT), GSH-Px, and methylenedioxyamphetamine, (MDA) including Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), and BCA Protein Assay Kit, Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay (RIPA) lysis buffer, and Minimum Eagle’s medium (MEM) were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China. Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit (DCFH-DA) was from MedChemExpress (Shanghai).

Xiao Z., Li J., Wang H., Zhang Q., Ge Q., Mao J, & Sha R. (2022). Hemicellulosic Polysaccharides From Bamboo Leaves Promoted by Phosphotungstic Acids and Its Attenuation of Oxidative Stress in HepG2 Cells. Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, 917432.

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Synthetic Procedures for Imidazole Derivatives

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Imidazole (99%) and methylimidazole
were purchased from Linhai Kaile Chemical Factory. Sodium hydroxide,
phosphotungstic acid, and bromomethane were purchased from Sinopharm
Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. 1-Bromopropane and 1-bromohexane were purchased
from the Tianjin Institute of Guangfu Fine Chemical Industry. 1-Bromobutane,
1-bromooctane, 1-bromodecane, 1-bromododecane, 1-bromotetradecane,
1-bromohexadecane, 1-bromooctadecane, and hydrogen peroxide (30%)
were purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co, Ltd. Ethyl acetate, ether,
tetrahydrofuran, toluene, acetone, dichloromethane, and acetonitrile
were received from Beijing Chemical Co., Ltd. 1,4-Butane sultone (99%)
was purchased from Wuhan Fengfan Chemical Co, Ltd. DBT (≥98.0%)
was purchased from J&K Scientific Ltd.

Wu Q., Shi Q., Shang J., Wang M., Li H., Shi D., Zhao Y, & Jiao Q. (2020). Synthesis of Surface-Active Heteropolyacid-Based Ionic Liquids and Their Catalytic Performance for Desulfurization of Fuel Oils. ACS Omega, 5(48), 31171-31179.

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Facile Synthesis of Functional Materials

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All chemicals, including glucose, THF, pyrazine, phosphotungstic acid, 1,3‐ propanesultone, and LGA, were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. and used without further purification. Elemental analyses were performed by using a CHN elemental analyzer (Vario EL cube) and an inductively coupled plasma spectrometer (TCP, Jarrell‐Ash 1100). The ¹H NMR spectra were obtained at 400 MHz by using the Hahn echo at RT. The spin rate was 10 kHz. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Hitachi S‐4800, accelerating voltage: 5 kV) accompanied by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (EDS; accelerating voltage: 20 kV) was used to study the morphology and the elemental distribution. FTIR spectra (KBr discs) were recorded by using a Nicolet 360 FT‐IR instrument in the 4000–400 cm⁻¹ region.
The acidity of the solid samples was measured by using a Hammett acidity analysis according to a literature procedure.22 The Hammett indicator (p‐nitroaniline, 25 mg) and the catalyst (50 mg) were added to deionized water (10 mL and the mixture was stirred at RT for 12 h, then the solid was separated by centrifugal filtration. The solution was measured by using a UV spectrophotometer at λ=380 nm. Each test was done in triplicate and the reported data is the average value.

Zhao P., Cui H., Zhang Y., Zhang Y., Wang Y., Zhang Y., Xie Y, & Yi W. (2018). Synergetic Effect of Brønsted/Lewis Acid Sites and Water on the Catalytic Dehydration of Glucose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural by Heteropolyacid‐Based Ionic Hybrids. ChemistryOpen, 7(10), 824-832.

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Preparation of HER2-targeted PLGA Nanoparticles

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PLGA (50:50; molecular weight, 40,000) was obtained from Jinan Daigang Biomaterial Co., Ltd. (Shandong, China). Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA; 88% mole hydrolyzed) and (D+)-camphor were purchased from Aladdin Chemistry Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). Methylene chloride, isopropanol, mannitol and phosphotungstic acid were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated rabbit anti-human HER2 monoclonal antibody and control rat immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody were synthesized by BD Biosciences (Palo Alto, CA, USA). Phycoerythrin (PE)-conjugated rat anti-mouse VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody was synthesized by Shanghai Jinmai Biotechnology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China). C₃F₈ gas was purchased from Shanghai Renjie Ling Optics Instrument Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China).

Du J., Li X.Y., Hu H., Xu L., Yang S.P, & Li F.H. (2018). Preparation and Imaging Investigation of Dual-targeted C3F8-filled PLGA Nanobubbles as a Novel Ultrasound Contrast Agent for Breast Cancer. Scientific Reports, 8, 3887.

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Cholesterol Esterase Activity Assay

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All chemicals employed in this study, including the culture medium, trichloroacetic acid, soy lecithin, β-sitosterol, trypsin, porcine pancreatic cholesterol esterase, phosphate salts, and boron trifluoride, were sourced from Sigma Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Tween-80, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, n-heptane, anhydrous sodium sulfate, Triton X-100, methanol, phosphotungstic acid, p-nitrophenyl butyrate, taurocholate buffer and imidazole were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. The reagents utilized were of ACS grade. The preparation of all solutions was executed utilizing purified and deionized ultra-pure water.

Tu L., Zeng J., Bai X., Wu Z., Wu J, & Xu S. (2024). Nanoliposome-Mediated Encapsulation of Chlorella Oil for the Development of a Controlled-Release Lipid-Lowering Formulation. Foods, 13(1), 158.

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EV Isolation and Characterization Protocol

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EVtrap^TM beads were provided by Tymora Analytical Operations (West Lafayette, IN). The automated magnetic bead separation and corresponding “96-well plate” of the EVrich system was in-house built. Triethylamine was obtained from Millipore-Sigma, and phosphotungstic acid was from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. DI water used in the experiments was prepared in a Milli-Q system (resistivity > 18.2 MΩ·cm). Lithiumdodecyl sulfate (LDS) loading buffer, tritonX-100 (Shanghai (China) Biotechnology Engineering Co., Ltd.), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, Gibco), 15% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE, Shanghai (China) EpiZyme Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), anti-CD9 (13403S, CST), anti-CD81 (ab79559, Abcam), anti-TSG101 (ab125011, Abcam), HSP70 (66183, Proteintech), Calnexin (ab133615, Abcam) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes (Millipore, Sigma) were used in EV capture and western blotting experiment. Sodium deoxycholate, sodium lauroylsarcosinate, Tris (2-carboxyethyl) phosphine, 2-Chloroacetamide, and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail were all purchased from Millipore-Sigma to prepare EV lysis solution. Pierce™ BCA Protein Assay Kit was purchased from Thermo Scientific (23250, reducing agent compatible).

Zhang H., Cai Y.H., Ding Y., Zhang G., Liu Y., Sun J., Yang Y., Zhan Z., Iliuk A., Gu Z., Gu Y, & Tao W.A. (2022). Proteomics, Phosphoproteomics and Mirna Analysis of Circulating Extracellular Vesicles through Automated and High-Throughput Isolation. Cells, 11(13), 2070.

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