Normal human igg

N-Hydroxysuccinimidyl ester derivatives of organic dyes, Alexa488–NHS ester and ICG–NHS ester were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific and Goryo Chemicals (Japan), respectively. Heceptin, Cyramza, and Kadcyla were purchased from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). Erbitux was purchased from Merk Serono. Anti-human PD-L1 antibody was purchased from Bio Cell. Normal human IgG was purchased from FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corp. (Japan). Glutathione-coated PbS QDs (E_m: 1250 nm) were prepared by the literature method.^{36 (link)} Intralipid emulsion (20%) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Breast tumour cells (KPL-4) were kindly provided by Dr Kurebayashi (Kawasaki Medical School). Skin tumour cells (A431) were purchased from RIKEN cell bank. Nude mice (five-week-old female BALB/c nu/nu mice) were purchased from SLC Inc (Japan).
Absorption spectra were recorded with a spectrophotometer (Jasco, V-670). Fluorescence spectra were recorded with a spectrofluorometer (NanoLog, HORIBA, Japan). Fluorescence imaging of cancer cells were performed with a fluorescence microscope (BZ-X700, Keyence, Japan). In vivo NIR fluorescence imaging was performed with a fluorescence system (Bruker MS-FX PRO). In vivo SWIR fluorescence imaging was performed with a home-built wide-field microscope system.^4a

Approximately 6-week-old female Wister rats, obtained from SLC (Tokyo, Japan), were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with 100 μg of normal human IgG, whole molecules, purified from serum (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemicals, Osaka, Japan), three times once every two weeks. The first injection was in complete Freund’s adjuvant (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), whereas the second and third were in incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (Sigma-Aldrich) in a volume of 0.2 mL. The rats were intravenously (i.v.) boosted with 100 μg of human IgG in normal phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) one week after the third i.p. injection and then sacrificed three days after the i.v. boost, following which, their spleens were aseptically removed. All animals were cared for and maintained in accordance with the guidelines of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). The project was approved by the committee for Experiments involving Animals of AIST (Project identification code: A2015-033, April 2015).

Anti-feline CD2 monoclonal antibody SKR2 and anti-SFTS virus nuclear protein monoclonal antibody 9D3 were reported previously^{57 (link),58 (link)}. Purified SFTS virus-neutralising antibody was prepared from sera of monkeys that were inoculated with SFTS virus using Protein G Sepharose 4 Fast Flow (GE Healthcare) (Shimojima et al., manuscript in preparation). Mouse anti-SFTS virus GP monoclonal antibodies (Immune Technology Corp., clones 62D6 and 21D2), mouse IgG1 isotype control (R&D Systems), mouse anti-DC-SIGN/DC-SIGNR (clone DC28, R&D Systems), mouse anti-LSECtin monoclonal antibody (clone SOTO-1, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), normal human IgG (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), goat anti-mouse IgG (H + L) Alexa Fluor488 (Thermo Fisher Scientific), 2′-deoxy-2′-fluorocytidine hydrate (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (Cayman Chemical), WST-1 (Sigma-Aldrich) and 1 kb DNA Ladder (New England Biolabs Japan) were purchased.