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6 protocols using 2 chloro n6 cyclopentyladenosine ccpa

1

Adenosine Receptor Ligands: Diverse Pharmacological Toolkit

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adenosine receptor ligands, adenosine (Cat# A9251) and 5′‐N‐ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=377; Cat# E2387) were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (Gillingham, UK). 1,3‐Dipropyl‐8‐cyclopentylxanthine (https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=386; Cat# C101) and 2‐chloro‐N6‐cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA; Cat# C7938) were purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). (2‐Amino‐4‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiophen‐3‐yl)(phenyl)methanone (VCP171) and 4‐(5‐amino‐4‐benzoyl‐3‐(3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐N‐(8‐(9‐((2R,3R,4S,5R)‐3,4‐dihydroxy‐5‐(hydroxylmethyl)tetrahydro‐furan‐2‐yl)‐9H‐purin‐6‐ylamino)hexyl)benzamide (VCP746) were synthesized as previously described by Aurelio et al. (2009) and Valant et al. (2014), respectively. 2‐Amino‐6‐[[2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1,3‐thiazol‐4‐yl]methylsulfanyl]‐4‐[4‐(2‐hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]pyridine‐3,5‐dicarbonitrile (capadenoson) was purchased from Haoyuan Chemexpress (Cat# HY‐14917; Shanghai, China).
Fentanyl citrate was purchased from Jansen‐Cilac Ltd, UK. Medetomidine (Domitor), meloxicam, and atipamezole hydrochloride (Antisedan) were purchased from Pfizer, UK. Buprenorphine (Vetergesic) and pentobarbitone (Euthatal) were purchased from Alstoe Animal Health, UK. Tween and propylene glycol were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich, UK.
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2

Receptor Agonist Assay Protocol

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Acetylcholine and phenylephrine, 1-[2-Chloro-6-[[(3-iodophenyl)methyl]amino]-9H-purin-9-yl]-1-deoxy-N-methyl-β-D-ribofuranuronamide(Cl-IBMECA) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). 2-Chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA) and 2-[[6-Amino-3,5-dicyano-4-[4-(cyclopropylmethoxy)phenyl]-2-pyridinyl]thio]-acetamide (BAY, Bay 60-6583) were purchased from Tocris Bioscience.
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3

Modulation of Ih by Cyclic Nucleotides

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Modulation of Ih by cyclic nucleotides was measured using different concentrations of 8-bromo adenosine-3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate (8-Br-cAMP) sodium salt (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), applied intracellularly through the recording pipette. The effects of 2-Chloro-N 6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA; Tocris Bioscience, UK), an adenosine A1 receptor agonist, was assessed by bath application of 100 µM of the compound. For experiments performed in the presence of SQ22536 (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), an adenylyl cyclase inhibitor, slices were incubated for at least 1.5 h in 200 µM of the compound. In some experiments, Ih was abolished using different concentrations of ZD7288 (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, United Kingdom) which was applied extracellularly. To reduce the excitability of cortical pyramidal neurons during voltage-clamp recordings, 0.5 µM of TTX (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) was added to the external solution. For isolation of IA, we used 1 mM EGTA and 10 mM TEA-Cl (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany).
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4

Adenosine Modulates CD4+ T Cell Activation

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CD4+ T cells (1 × 106) were stimulated for 7 days at 37 °C with anti-mouse CD3 (BioLegend; 1 μg/mL) and CD28 (BioLegend; 0.5 μg/mL) Abs in the presence of adenosine (0–1 mM), each adenosine receptor agonist (0–10 μM; A1R: 2-Chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA), Tocris, Bristol, UK; A2aR: PSB0777, Tocris; A2bR: BAY 60–6583, Tocris; and A3R: HEMADO, Tocris), an A2aR antagonist (Istradefylline; 0–1 nM) plus adenosine (600 μM), an AC inhibitor (0–1 μM; MDL-12330A), a PKA inhibitor (0–1 μM) (H-89), a CREB inhibitor (0.1–0.6 μM; 666-15) plus adenosine (600 μM), or an activator of AC (0.06–0.6 μM; Forskolin) in 500 μL of D10 medium. After cell sorting, cells (3 × 105) were plated in 24 well plates and stimulated for 7 days at 37 °C with anti-mouse CD3 (1 μg/mL) and CD28 (0.5 μg/mL) Abs in the presence of adenosine (600 μM) in 100 μL of D10 medium. After stimulation, the supernatants were collected for use in cytokine ELISAs.
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5

Adenosine Regulation of Splenic Lymphocyte Interactions

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Splenic lymphocytes were collected by lyzing tissue in a Dounce homogenizer, followed by layering over Ficoll Paque (GE health care, Chicago, IL, USA), as described previously (21) .
Balb/c splenic lymphocytes (3 × 10 6 ) were mixed with SJL/J splenic lymphocytes (3 × 10 6 ) in 500 µL of DMEM medium containing 10% FCS, 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 µg/mL streptomycin, 2 mM L-glutamine, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, and 50 µM 2-mercaptoethanol (D10 medium) in 24 well plates in the presence of adenosine (0-1 mM) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA); in the presence of each adenosine receptor agonist (0-10 µM) (A1R: 2-Chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA), Tocris, Bristol, UK; A2aR: PSB0777, Tocris; A2bR: BAY 60-6583, Tocris; A3R: HEMADO, Tocris); in the presence of A2aR antagonist (0-1 nM) (Istradefylline, Sigma) plus adenosine (100 µM); in the presence of an adenyl cyclase inhibitor (0-1 µM) (MDL-12330A, Enzo Life Sciences, Farmingdale, NY, USA) or a protein kinase A inhibitor (0-1 µM) (H-89, Tocris) plus adenosine (100 µM) to inhibit A2aR signaling; or in the presence of a CD39 inhibitor (0-1 µM) (ARL67156, Tocris) or a CD73 inhibitor (0-1 µM) (adenosine 5'-(α, β-methylene) diphosphate (AMP-CP; Tocris) plus ATP (100 µM) (GE healthcare). After mixing, the plates were incubated for 7 days at 37°C. The supernatants were collected for use in cytokine ELISAs.
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6

Adenosine Modulation of CD4+ T Cell Activation

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CD4 + T cells (1 × 10 6 ) were stimulated for 7 days at 37°C with anti-mouse CD3 (BioLegend) (1 µg/mL) and CD28 (BioLegend) (0.5 µg/mL) antibodies (CD3/CD28) in the presence of adenosine (0-1 mM), each adenosine receptor agonist (0-10 µM) (A1R: 2-Chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA), Tocris, Bristol, UK; A2aR: PSB0777, Tocris; A2bR: BAY 60-6583, Tocris; A3R: HEMADO, Tocris), an A2aR antagonist (Istradefylline; 0-1 nM) plus adenosine (600 µM), or an adenyl cyclase inhibitor (0-1 µM) (MDL-12330A) or a protein kinase A inhibitor (0-1 µM) (H-89) plus adenosine (600 µM) in 500 µL of D10 medium.
After cell sorting, cells (3 × 10 5 ) were plated in 24 well plates and stimulated for 7 days at 37°C with anti-mouse CD3 (1 µg/mL) and CD28 (0.5 µg/mL) antibodies in the presence of adenosine (600 µM) in 100 µL of D10 medium. After stimulation, the supernatants were collected for use in cytokine ELISAs.
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